环境政策工具在生态旅游管理中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 23:24

本文选题：环境政策工具 + 生态旅游　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态旅游在我国处于起步阶段,生态旅游在实践中产生的问题很大程度上需要正确的环境政策工具对其进行引导、纠正,使其按照良性的方向发展,只有使用科学规范的政策工具进行管理,生态旅游模式才能发挥出应有的作用。本文通过文献分析法、比较分析法等调查方法,总结出我国现行的命令-控制型政策工具、经济激励型政策工具和公众参与型政策工具,在生态旅游管理过程中均一定程度的发挥了作用。命令-控制型环境政策工具通过对当事人行为的直接控制,以及相关法律法规的保证,使得政策执行迅速、有力,是一种在生态旅游管理方面行之有效的工具；经济激励型政策工具主要依托市场机制发挥作用,与命令-控制型政策工具相比更具有灵活性,最常见的经济激励型工具是排污税、补贴和生态补偿费；由于政府失灵和市场失灵的存在,公众参与型工具受到广泛的关注,在生态旅游管理领域,最常见的政策工具有生态旅游认证、IS014000环境管理体系、自愿性环境协议等。在实践层面,本文以张家界国家森林公园为例,探讨三种环境政策工具在实际生态旅游管理中的运用情况。命令控制型政策工具的使用,对生态旅游资源的保护、生态旅游管理的有效实施发挥着重要的作用；经济激励型政策工具有利于旅游企业自觉运用先进的技术或开发方法,尽量减少旅游活动对环境的影响；公众参与型工具对个人和政府的生态旅游管理行为是一种无形的压力,促使其认识到自己保护生态环境的权利和义务,从而加强对生态旅游环境问题的保护和管理,推动整个生态旅游管理事业的发展。通过对张家界国家森林公园的实证分析与研究,更验证了以上结论。环境政策工具已经在生态旅游管理中发挥了积极的作用,在一定程度上说明了环境政策工具在生态旅游管理中的有效性。同时,随着生态旅游法律政策、经济制度的不断完善,环境政策工具会促进生态旅游管理的积极开展、生态旅游活动的良性发展。
[Abstract]:Ecotourism is in its initial stage in our country. The problems arising from the practice of ecotourism need to be guided and corrected by correct environmental policy tools to a great extent, so that it can develop in a benign direction. Only by using scientific and normative policy tools can ecotourism model play its due role. Through literature analysis, comparative analysis and other investigation methods, this paper summarizes the current command-control policy tools, economic incentive policy tools and public participation policy tools in China. In the ecotourism management process, to a certain extent has played a role. Through the direct control of the behavior of the parties and the guarantee of the relevant laws and regulations, the command-control environmental policy tool makes the policy execute quickly and effectively, which is an effective tool in the management of ecotourism. The economic incentive policy tool mainly relies on the market mechanism to play its role and is more flexible than the command-control policy tool. The most common economic incentive tools are emission tax subsidies and ecological compensation. Due to the existence of government failure and market failure, public participation tools have received extensive attention. In the field of ecotourism management, the most common policy tools are eco-tourism certification system, voluntary environmental agreement and so on. On the practical level, this paper takes Zhangjiajie National Forest Park as an example to discuss the application of three kinds of environmental policy tools in the actual ecotourism management. The use of command-and-control policy tools plays an important role in the protection of eco-tourism resources and the effective implementation of eco-tourism management. Minimizing the impact of tourism activities on the environment; instruments of public participation are an intangible pressure on individuals and governments to manage ecotourism and promote awareness of their rights and obligations to protect the environment, So as to strengthen the protection and management of eco-tourism environmental problems, promote the development of the whole ecotourism management. Through the empirical analysis and research on Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, the above conclusions are verified. The environmental policy tools have played an active role in the ecotourism management, which to some extent shows the effectiveness of the environmental policy tools in the ecotourism management. At the same time, with the law and policy of ecotourism and the continuous improvement of economic system, the tools of environmental policy will promote the positive development of ecotourism management and the healthy development of ecotourism activities.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X322;F592.1

【参考文献】