中国西南民族地区不同类型生态博物馆的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 23:30

本文选题：西南民族地区 + 生态博物馆　；参考：《中央民族大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：生态博物馆是法国博物馆学界于20世纪70年代提出的一种新型博物馆理念。与传统博物馆不同,它反对将藏品静态收藏于异地建筑中,而是主张将文化放置于原生地进行整体性的活态保护、展示与培育,并促进当地社会经济文化的可持续性发展。20世纪80年代,中国博物馆学界开始关注国际生态博物馆理论,90年代,在博物馆学者的直接推动下,以政府为主导建设了中国第一座生态博物馆——贵州六枝梭戛生态博物馆。随后,贵州其它地区、广西、云南等地也纷纷展开了对生态博物馆的实践探索,至今已建成了30余座生态博物馆。近年,生态博物馆建设正逐渐从西南民族地区向中东部经济发达地区延伸,呈现出方兴未艾的局面。本文以最早展开生态博物馆建设的中国西南民族地区为研究范围,比较不同类型生态博物馆的建设经验,剖析它们所面临的主要矛盾和挑战,探讨如何从理论层面和实践层面解决生态博物馆建设存在的问题。论文由以下七个部分组成：绪论阐述选题的缘由、研究方法、研究的学术价值以及现实意义；梳理目前该领域的研究现状。第一章回顾西方生态博物馆理论产生的背景；阐明中国生态博物馆产生发展过程。第二章回顾”政府机构主导型”的贵州“六枝梭戛生态博物馆”的建设历程,讨论目前相关群体对梭戛生态博物馆的评价。第三章讨论“民间机构主导型”的“地扪人文生态博物馆”的建设情况和存在问题。第四章阐述了“学者指导型”的“丘北仙人洞文化生态村”的建设历史,分析了政府、学者、居民以及游客的对生态博物馆评价。第五章对三种类型生态博物馆的指导原则、试点选择、命名方式、管理模式、建设成果、面临的挑战等问题进行了比较研究。结论对西南民族地区生态博物馆建设的理论与实践进行回顾、总结、评述。论文取得了以下几个方面的成果： 1.系统地梳理了生态博物馆理论产生发展过程,深入反思了生态博物馆理论中国化的历程。 2.提出了按建设管理主导力量将生态博物馆分为”政府机构主导型”、“民间机构主导型”、“学者指导型”的分类方法。对新建、管理生态博物馆有一定的启示作用。 3.较为细致、全面的调查了三种类型的生态博物馆的建设状况,访谈了生态博物馆建设各方主要当事人,访谈记录有重要的史料价值。 4.比较分析了三类生态博物馆建设的指导原则、试点选择、命名方式、管理模式等重要问题,所阐述的观点和认识,对生态博物馆的建设有重要参考价值。
[Abstract]:The ecological museum is a new kind of museum idea put forward by the French museum academic circles in the 1970's. Unlike the traditional museum, it opposes the static collection of the collection in other buildings, but advocates the preservation, display and cultivation of culture in the original place for holistic living protection. And to promote the sustainable development of local social, economic and cultural. In the 1980s, the Chinese museum scholars began to pay attention to the international ecological museum theory and the 1990s, under the direct promotion of museum scholars, With the government as the leading construction of China's first ecological museum-Guizhou Liuzhuojia Ecological Museum. Subsequently, other areas of Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places have also launched the practice of ecological museums, has been built up to date more than 30 ecological museums. In recent years, the construction of the ecological museum is gradually extending from the southwest minority areas to the economically developed areas in the central and eastern part of the country, showing a situation in the ascendant. In this paper, the author compares the experience of different types of ecological museum construction in the southwest minority areas of China, and analyzes the main contradictions and challenges they face. This paper discusses how to solve the problems existing in the construction of ecological museum from the theoretical and practical aspects. The thesis consists of the following seven parts: The introduction explains the reason, research methods, academic value and practical significance of the research, and combs the current research situation in this field. The first chapter reviews the background of western ecological museum theory and expounds the development process of Chinese ecological museum. The second chapter reviews the history of the construction of the "Liuzhi Shuojia Ecological Museum" in Guizhou, which is dominated by government agencies, and discusses the evaluation of the Shuojiao Ecological Museum by relevant groups at present. The third chapter discusses the construction and existing problems of Dimen Humanities and Ecology Museum. The fourth chapter expounds the construction history of "Qiubei Xianrendong Cultural Ecological Village", and analyzes the evaluation of ecological museum by the government, scholars, residents and tourists. The fifth chapter makes a comparative study on the guiding principles, pilot selection, naming methods, management models, construction achievements and challenges faced by the three types of ecological museums. Conclusion the theory and practice of ecological museum construction in southwest ethnic areas are reviewed, summarized and commented. The paper has achieved the following achievements: 1. This paper systematically combs the development process of the theory of ecological museum, and deeply reflects on the course of localization of the theory of ecological museum. 2. According to the leading force of construction management, this paper puts forward the classification method of ecological museum as "government organization leading type", "folk organization leading type" and "scholar guiding type". For the new construction, management of the ecological museum has a certain enlightenment. 3. Detailed and comprehensive investigation of the construction of three types of ecological museum, interview the main parties involved in the construction of ecological museum, the interview record has important historical value. 4. This paper compares and analyzes the guiding principles, pilot selection, naming methods, management mode and other important issues of the construction of three kinds of ecological museums, and expounds the views and understandings, which have important reference value for the construction of ecological museums.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G269.2

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