旅游世界中的道德问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 07:09

本文选题：旅游世界 + 道德弱化　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类从来就没有停止过对未知世界的探索,随着经济条件的不断改善,旅游已经成为人们生活中必不可少的一部分了。旅游是人的一种特殊经历,具有暂时性和异地性的外在特征。这会使得人们在旅游世界中和日常生活中有很多不同之处,他们的心理、行为都会发生变化。近年来,各种媒体关于旅游者出游中不文明和缺失公德的现象的报道屡见不鲜,学术界也不乏关于旅游者道德弱化的研究。那么旅游者在旅游世界中仅仅会发生道德弱化吗?会不会不发生道德行为的变化或者发生道德强化呢?旅游者发生道德行为变化的原因又是什么呢?这些引起了笔者的兴趣。基于此,本文以旅游者的道德行为为研究对象,选取有过旅游经历的人为分析单位,研究重点是人们在旅游世界中的道德行为与在生活世界中相比发生的变化,旨在探究发生这种变化的影响因素,并做出理论探讨。本研究的意义在于厘清旅游者道德的概念体系,并将填补对旅游者道德强化研究的空白,也会对旅游者道德弱化研究做进一步的完善。本研究主要将从道德弱化或者道德强化发生的内在机理发面进行深入的探讨。使旅游者道德行为的理论体系更加完整。同时,本研究的现实意义在于将有利于旅游的可持续发展。本文共分为六个部分：第一部分是绪论,主要介绍了本研究的背景、意义以及研究框架。第二部分则主要围绕旅游世界与生活世界,旅游者的道德行为等相关观念和国内外对旅游世界中的道德问题研究的现状进行了梳理。第三部分是研究设计,主要交代了本文的研究目的,研究对象,以及本文采用的质性研究方法和采用深度访谈获取研究资料的具体过程,并概括了本文的研究过程,最后对本研究的伦理做了阐述。第四、五部分是本文的核心内容。第四部分主要通过对访谈资料的编码分析得出旅游者在旅游世界中道德行为发生变化和不发生变化的影响因素。其中不发生变化的影响因素有两个：旅游者的成熟度和旅游者自身的道德素质。成熟度高的旅游者,即经常出游的旅游者,和个人道德索质高的旅游者在旅游世界中道德行为不容易发生变化。而旅游者道德行为的变化则受到以下因素的影响,1.旅游地的环境,2.同时旅游的旅游者的行为,3.旅游的同伴,4.旅游者所代表的群体,5.旅游的内在动机,6.旅游的特征。正所谓入乡随俗,旅游者到达一个陌生的环境,出于安全需要的驱使,会做出符合当地环境的行为。在旅游者大量聚集的地方,旅游者的行为相互受到影响,常常会发生道德弱化现象。但这种外在环境对旅游者行为的影响可能受到旅游同伴的抵制作用,旅游者的道德行为因为旅游同伴的不同也会有所不同。旅游者往往因为某一特征而成为某一群体的代表,此时,旅游者自身和社会对这一群体的角色期待和旅游者对这一群体的情感认同会影响旅游者的道德行为。另外,旅游的暂时性、异地性和旅游中的特殊心境让旅游者能表现出更真实的自己。第五部分主要对旅游者道德行为发生变化的内在机理进行了探讨,主要是去个性化和标签化。旅游者的个体身份模糊化而成为旅游者群体,去个性化的群体更容易对情境做出反应,即道德行为随着旅游地环境的变化而改变；也会顺从所谓的群体规范,即同时旅游的旅游者相互影响,常常会发生大规模的道德弱化。旅游者去个性化后也可能因为某个特征被标签化,这时,旅游者对这一标签的自我角色期待和社会对这一标签的角色期待会使旅游者的道德行为发生改变。最后一部分是本文的结语部分,主要总结了本文的研究结论,并进一步指出了本研究的局限性以及后续研究方向。
[Abstract]:Human beings have never stopped exploring the unknown world. With the continuous improvement of economic conditions, tourism has become an indispensable part of people's life. Tourism is a special experience of people, with the external characteristics of temporary and alien nature. This will make people have a lot of differences in the world of tourism and in daily life. In recent years, there are many media reports about the phenomenon of uncivilized and lack of public morality among tourists, and there are no lack of research on the weakening of tourists' morality in the academic circle. Change or moral reinforcement? What are the reasons for the change of moral behavior of tourists? These aroused my interest.
Based on this, this article takes the tourist's moral behavior as the research object, chooses the human analysis unit with the experience of tourism, and focuses on the change of people's moral behavior in the tourist world and the changes in the living world. The purpose of this study is to explore the influencing factors of this change and make a theoretical discussion. The significance of this study lies in the study. The concept system of the morality of the tourists of the Qing Dynasty will fill the gap in the study of the moral intensification of the tourists, and further improve the study of the moral weakening of the tourists. This study will make a thorough study of the inherent mechanism of moral weakening or moral strengthening. The practical significance of this study will be conducive to the sustainable development of tourism.
This article is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background, significance and research framework of this study. The second part mainly focuses on the tourism world and the living world, the moral behavior of tourists and other related concepts, and the current situation of the study of moral problems in the tourist world at home and abroad. The third part is the research and design, which is mainly explained in this paper. The purpose of the study, the object of the study, the qualitative research methods used in this article and the specific process of obtaining the research data with depth interviews, and the process of the study are summarized, and the ethics of this study are expounded at the end.
The fourth, fifth part is the core content of this article. The fourth part is mainly through the analysis of the coding of interview data to determine the influence factors of the change and non change of the tourist's moral behavior in the tourist world. There are two factors which do not change. The maturity of tourists and the moral quality of the tourists themselves. The high tourists, that is, tourists who travel frequently, and the moral behavior of high personal moral tourists are not easy to change in the tourist world, and the changes of the moral behavior of the tourists are influenced by the following factors, the environment of the 1. tourist places, the 2. and the behavior of the tourists, the 3. tourist companions, and the groups represented by the 4. tourists. The intrinsic motivation of the 5. tourism, the characteristics of the 6. tourism. It is called as the Romans, the tourists arrive in a strange environment and are driven by the safety needs, and they will act in accordance with the local environment. In the places where the tourists gather, the behavior of the tourists is affected each other, and the moral weakening is often occurring. The influence of the tourists' behavior may be resisted by the travel companions. The moral behavior of the tourists may be different because of the difference of the travel companions. The tourists often become representatives of a group because of a certain characteristic. At this time, the tourists' and the social expectations of the group and the tourists' feelings for the group. The association affects the moral behavior of tourists. In addition, the temporary nature of tourism and the special state of mind in tourism enable tourists to show more authentic themselves.
The fifth part mainly discusses the internal mechanism of the change of the tourist's moral behavior, mainly to individualization and labeling. The individual identity of the tourists becomes a tourist group, and the individualized group is more likely to respond to the situation, that is, the moral behavior changes with the change of the tourist environment; and it will be submissive as well. The so-called group norms, that is, the interaction of tourists at the same time, often occur in a large scale of moral weakness. When the tourists are individualized, they may be labeled because of a particular feature. At this time, the tourists' expectation of the self role of the label and the role of the society on this label will change the moral behavior of the tourists.
The last part is the conclusion of this paper, which summarizes the conclusions of this study, and further points out the limitations of this study and the direction of future research.

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D648;F590

【参考文献】