包头张龙圪旦一号墓的族属及部分南匈奴墓葬辨析

发布时间：2018-05-17 23:16

本文选题：张龙圪旦墓地 + 墓主人族属　；参考：《郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年06期

【摘要】：汉代,南匈奴聚居在黄河中上游地区包括内蒙古、山西、陕西、青海等地。内蒙古中南部曾经是匈奴人活动的主要范围,头曼单于、冒顿单于一度在此建立幕南王庭,虽屡被蒙恬和汉武帝击退北返,但两汉时期匈奴人在此的活动并未绝迹。武帝时期浑邪王降汉,元帝时期呼韩邪单于南下称臣,到东汉建武四十八年日逐王比率领南匈奴附汉,这里一直是中原王朝安置匈奴降人的核心地带。特别是南匈奴因长期与汉人混居杂处,生产方式和生活方式都发生了巨大变化,自上而下的集体汉化进程之快几乎从考古学文化特征上无法辨认。在黄河中上游地区发现的汉墓中有一些是我们尚未辨认出的早期匈奴降人或南匈奴墓葬。包头张龙圪旦一号墓的墓葬结构、形态、随葬品几乎完全汉化,但在殉牲、头向北等丧葬习俗和喜用动物纹饰装饰品、马具、披发胡俑和肩部带波浪纹的实用陶器、较多骨器、金银器等随葬品特征上尚较多保留了匈奴传统文化的痕迹,据此可以从已发掘的学界认定的汉墓当中辨别出一些可能属于汉化的匈奴降人包括南匈奴人的墓葬。
[Abstract]:In the Han Dynasty, the southern Xiongnu lived in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, including Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Qinghai. The central and southern part of Inner Mongolia was once the main scope of the Huns' activities. Tuman Dan Yu, at one point, ventured to set up the southern court here. Although he was repeatedly pushed back north by Meng Tian and Han Wu emperor, the activities of the Xiongnu people in the Han Dynasty were not extinct. In the period of Wu Emperor, Emperor Wu and evil Wang fell to the Han Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, Hu-Han evil was called a minister in the south, and in Jianwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was led by Wang Bei to lead the southern Xiongnu Fu Han in 48 years. It was always the core zone for the Central Plains Dynasty to resettle the Xiongnu people. Especially the South Xiongnu had a great change in production mode and life style because of its long mixed residence with the Han people. The process of collective Sinicization from top to bottom was almost unrecognizable from the cultural characteristics of archaeology. Some of the Han tombs found in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River are unrecognized early Xiongnu or southern Xiongnu tombs. The tomb structure, form, and burial objects of the first tomb of Zhanglong Gedan in Baotou are almost completely Chinese, but in sacrifice, head to north funeral customs and animal ornaments, horses, hair terracotta figures and practical pottery with wavy shoulders, more bone objects. Gold and silver objects and other funerary features still retain the traces of the traditional culture of the Xiongnu, so we can distinguish some tombs of the Xiongnu, including the South Xiongnu, from the Han tombs that have been identified by the scholars.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K878.8

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