基于产权理论的古村镇可持续开发研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 19:04

本文选题：古村镇 + 产权　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：古村镇旅游由于其丰富的历史文化内涵和优美的自然环境,成为当下最为热门的旅游类型之一,但在古村镇旅游开发的过程中,出现了大量的古建筑损毁、过度商业化及当地居民抗拒外来游客等不利于古村镇可持续开发的现象。如何实现古村镇的可持续性开发是个很有挑战性和现实意义的研究题目,无论是对于古村镇旅游的新进入者还是现有的古村镇旅游经营者。本文在对相关古村镇进行实地调研,对不同的利益主体进行深度访谈的基础上,主要做了以下几个方面的研究。首先,提出了古村镇历史文化遗产包括古建筑、民俗风情及人文氛围,蕴含在其中的无形资源是古村镇的核心资源,而这些无形资源也应该拥有完整的产权,即包括所有权、占有权、使用权和收益权在内的多项权利。其次,利用产权理论对古村镇旅游开发的现有模式进行了重新分类,并指出现有古村镇现有主要问题是过度商业化、居民改善自身居住条件的欲望和文化遗产保护之间的矛盾、民俗文化资源保护艰难、商业模式不合理和产业升级困难五个方面的问题。第三,通过旅游业可持续发展的理论和古村镇的特点,创造性地从旅游开发的角度提出了系统的衡量古村镇旅游开发可持续性的指标维度,即本地居民生活改善度、历史文化遗产保护完好度和持续可观的经济效益,为后续对不同模式可持续性的评价打好了理论基础,为可持续性地开发古村镇提出了行为指引。第四,以周庄为例,阐明周庄旅游开发的特点是政府主导,旅游资源产权分散,其效益可观,居民生活有明显改善,但历史文化遗产受损严重且面临产业升级困境。并提出历史文化遗产产权界定清楚、对商业指标进行拍卖和产权股权置换解决产权升级困境的建议建言。并得出产权分散型开发模式历史文化遗产产权易界定不清、历史文化遗产容易遭到破坏、易过度商业化、易产生利益分配纠纷和产业升级困境较大的结论。第五,以乌镇为例,指出乌镇模式具有旅游资源产权集中,企业化运作机制、穿衣戴帽,历史文化遗产转变旅游产品、改善当地居民生活和产业升级顺利的特点,并指出乌镇模式成熟且可复制性强、可持续性强。由此得出产权集中型开发模式的特点为商业运营无阻碍,产业升级无障碍、自发保护历史文化遗产,实现经营利润和当地居民生活明显改善。
[Abstract]:Because of its rich historical and cultural connotation and beautiful natural environment, ancient village and town tourism has become one of the most popular tourist types, but in the process of tourism development of ancient villages and towns, a large number of ancient buildings have been damaged. Excessive commercialization and local residents' resistance to foreign tourists are not conducive to sustainable development of ancient villages and towns. How to realize the sustainable development of ancient villages and towns is a challenging and practical research topic, whether for the new entrants of ancient villages and towns tourism or the existing tourism operators of ancient villages and towns. On the basis of field investigation and in-depth interview of different stakeholders, this paper mainly studies the following aspects. First of all, it is put forward that the historical and cultural heritage of ancient villages and towns includes ancient buildings, folk customs and cultural atmosphere, in which intangible resources are the core resources of ancient villages and towns, and these intangible resources should also have complete property rights, that is, ownership. A number of rights, including possession, right to use, and right to gain. Secondly, using the theory of property right, this paper reclassifies the existing mode of tourism development in ancient villages and towns, and points out that the main problems of the existing ancient villages and towns are excessive commercialization, the contradiction between residents' desire to improve their own living conditions and the protection of cultural heritage. Folk culture resources protection is difficult, business model is unreasonable and industry upgrading is difficult. Thirdly, through the theory of sustainable development of tourism and the characteristics of ancient villages and towns, this paper creatively puts forward the index dimension of evaluating the sustainability of tourism development of ancient villages and towns, that is, the improvement degree of local residents' living conditions from the perspective of tourism development. The intact degree of historical and cultural heritage protection and sustained considerable economic benefits lay a good theoretical foundation for the subsequent evaluation of the sustainability of different models and provide a behavioral guide for the sustainable development of ancient villages and towns. Fourthly, taking Zhouzhuang as an example, this paper illustrates that the characteristics of Zhouzhuang's tourism development are the government leading, the property rights of tourism resources are dispersed, the benefits are considerable, the residents' life has been improved obviously, but the historical and cultural heritage is seriously damaged and facing the dilemma of industrial upgrading. It also puts forward some suggestions on defining the property rights of historical and cultural heritage clearly, auctioning the commercial indexes and replacing the equity of property rights to solve the dilemma of property rights upgrading. The conclusion that the property right of historical and cultural heritage is easy to be defined is unclear, the historical and cultural heritage is easy to be destroyed, is easy to be overcommercialized, and it is easy to produce benefit distribution disputes and the dilemma of industrial upgrading. Fifthly, taking Wuzhen as an example, it points out that Wuzhen has the characteristics of centralized property rights of tourism resources, enterprise-oriented operation mechanism, wearing clothes and hats, transforming tourism products into historical and cultural heritage, improving local residents' lives and upgrading their industries smoothly. It is pointed out that Wuzhen model is mature, reproducible and sustainable. It is concluded that the characteristics of the centralized development mode of property rights are that the commercial operation is unhindered, the industrial upgrading is unobstructed, the historical and cultural heritage is protected spontaneously, and the operating profit and local residents' life are obviously improved.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F592.7

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