基于改进生态足迹模型的保定市耕地利用生态效率研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 08:22

本文关键词：基于改进生态足迹模型的保定市耕地利用生态效率研究　出处：《河北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：耕地利用不仅产生有利于人类社会生产生活的产品和服务,还会伴随诸如污染物等“非期望产品”,从而造成生态环境问题。如何协调耕地利用与生态环境保护之间的关系,促进耕地资源的可持续利用逐渐受到相关研究的关注。鉴于目前生态效率引入土地利用效率研究的时间较短,相关研究尚处于起步阶段;且由于耕地利用活动与人类的关系最为密切,相关资料的获取性和分析研究的可理解性较好,因此本文选取耕地利用生态效率作为土地利用生态效率研究的切入点。本文在耕地利用生态效率的研究中,应用改进的生态足迹模型对研究区耕地生态足迹和耕地生态承载力进行测算,用耕地生态足迹衡量耕地生物资源的消费和废弃物排放水平,用耕地生态承载力衡量研究区耕地资源的供给状况;再结合耕地利用的农业产值产出及其它各类生产要素投入指标构建耕地利用生态效率评价指标体系;结合数据包络分析方法对研究区的耕地利用生态效率进行测算,并依据测算结果分析保定市耕地利用生态效率水平。通过研究得出结论如下:1)由保定市时间序列耕地利用生态效率评价结果可知,2000~2012年,保定市耕地生态效率的综合效率从总体上呈波动地上升趋势;耕地利用生态效率的技术效率水平呈先下降后上升的趋势;耕地利用生态效率的规模效率水平总体上呈上升趋势。2)由保定市分区耕地利用生态效率评价结果可知,2012年保定市耕地利用生态效率的综合效率主要是受到技术效率的影响;保定市23个县市区的耕地利用生态效率水平并不均衡,各地区之间存在一定的差异。从空间分布上看,耕地利用生态效率综合效率水平较高的地区包括位于保定市西北区地区的涞源县,位于保定市东部地区的容城县、高碑店市、雄县和涿州市,以及位于保定市东南部及南部地区的高阳县、蠡县、博野县和定州市,而耕地利用生态效率的综合效率水平较低县市主要分布于保定市中部地区、北部地区和西南部地区。由耕地利用生态效率的规模收益值可知,规模收益值为1的定州市、高碑店市和高阳县等6个县市以及规模收益值接近1的保定市市区,处于或接近于规模收益不变阶段,其实际利用规模处于或接近于相对最适规模,因此在其今后的耕地利用中应该采取稳定的耕地利用政策;顺平县的规模收益值大于1,处于规模收益递减阶段,因此为了提高其耕地利用生态效率,需要适当控制生产要素的投入规模,实现各种耕地生产要素的最优组合;其他县市的规模收益值小于1,处于规模收益递增阶段,但由于不同县市的自然生态环境状况与耕地利用条件存在差异,因此需要采取不同的耕地利用措施。
[Abstract]:The use of cultivated land not only produces products and services conducive to the production and life of human society, but also accompanies "undesirable products" such as pollutants. How to coordinate the relationship between cultivated land use and ecological environment protection. To promote the sustainable use of cultivated land resources has gradually attracted the attention of relevant research. In view of the short time of introducing ecological efficiency into the study of land use efficiency, the related research is still in its infancy. And because of the most close relationship between cultivated land use activities and human beings, the acquisition of relevant data and the comprehensibility of analysis and research are better. Therefore, this paper selects the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use as the breakthrough point of the study of ecological efficiency of land use. The improved ecological footprint model was applied to measure the ecological footprint of cultivated land and the ecological carrying capacity of cultivated land in the study area. The ecological footprint of cultivated land was used to measure the consumption and waste emission level of cultivated land biological resources. The ecological carrying capacity of cultivated land is used to measure the supply of cultivated land resources in the study area. Secondly, the evaluation index system of cultivated land ecological efficiency is constructed by combining the agricultural output output of cultivated land utilization and other kinds of production factor input index. The ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization in the study area was measured with the method of data envelope analysis. The ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization in Baoding city was analyzed according to the result of calculation. The following conclusions were drawn from the study: 1) based on the evaluation results of ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization in Baoding city time series, we can know that the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use is from 2000 to 2012. The comprehensive efficiency of ecological efficiency of cultivated land in Baoding City has a fluctuating trend. The level of technical efficiency of ecological efficiency of cultivated land decreased first and then increased; The scale efficiency level of cultivated land use ecological efficiency showed an upward trend on the whole. 2) according to the evaluation results of ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in Baoding city. In 2012, the comprehensive efficiency of ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization in Baoding City was mainly affected by technical efficiency. The level of ecological efficiency of cultivated land utilization in 23 counties and urban areas of Baoding City is not balanced, and there are some differences between different regions, from the point of view of spatial distribution. The high level of comprehensive efficiency of cultivated land use ecological efficiency includes Laiyuan County located in the northwest of Baoding City, Rongcheng County in the eastern part of Baoding City, Gaobeidian City, Xiong County and Zhuozhou City. And Gaoyang County, Lixian County, Boye County and Dingzhou City located in the southeast and south of Baoding City, while the low level of comprehensive efficiency of cultivated land utilization ecological efficiency is mainly distributed in the central region of Baoding City. From the scale income value of cultivated land utilization ecological efficiency, Dingzhou City with scale income value of 1 can be known. Gaobeidian City and Gaoyang County, as well as Baoding city, where the scale income value is close to 1, is in or close to the same stage of scale income, and its actual utilization scale is in or close to the relative optimum scale. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a stable policy of cultivated land use in the future. The scale income of Shunping County is more than 1, which is in the stage of decreasing scale income. Therefore, in order to improve the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use, it is necessary to properly control the input scale of production factors. To realize the optimal combination of various factors of cultivated land production; The scale income of other counties and cities is less than 1, which is in the increasing stage of scale income. However, because of the difference between the natural ecological environment and the cultivated land utilization conditions of different counties and cities, it is necessary to take different cultivated land utilization measures.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.211

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