连片特困区农户多维贫困测度及能力建设研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 15:03

本文关键词：连片特困区农户多维贫困测度及能力建设研究　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在扶贫开发新阶段背景下,用多维贫困测度法更能刻画贫困家庭状况,符合现阶段精准识别和精准扶贫的要求。基于云南省四大连片特困区家庭入户调查数据,利用AF多维贫困测量方法从收入、教育、健康、生活质量和社会资源5个维度对贫困地区农户的多维贫困状况进行测度,并从政府社区内部项目资源管理能力、扶贫项目参与能力和农户自我发展能力三个方面对连片特困区农户多维贫困的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:四个片区均在很高程度上存在教育贫困,基本义务教育得不到保障,由教育问题也带来了社会资源获得方面的能力不足,受传统思想束缚,接受新事物和新发展模式的难度大,随着贫困维度的提高,健康问题逐渐替代教育问题,成为农村家庭陷入深度贫困的主要原因;四个片区的贫困发生率随着贫困维度的升高而下降,中等维度上的贫困发生率最高,其中,滇西边境片区和迪庆藏区贫困主要发生在中低维度,石漠化片区和乌蒙山区在中高维度的贫困指数较高。此外,研究发现多维贫困指数与其贡献率并不相符,这是因为贫困人口数量不同所致,滇西边境片区是四个片区中贫困人口最多的片区,虽然不是贫困最为深度的地区,但是在扶贫资源分配上,也要综合考虑人口权重这一指标。从影响多维贫困发生的因素研究中发现农户扶贫项目参与能力和政府资源项目管理能力的提升可以显著降低多维贫困发生率;农户自我发展能力中,家庭收入中种植业收入越多、家庭人口中少数民族人数越多,农户越容易陷入多维贫困,而家庭中初中以上人口数和外出务工人数越多,农户陷入多维贫困的概率越小。根据研究结论,从提高农户能力建设、社区能力建设和政府能力建设三方面为农村贫困地区扶贫攻坚提供政策参考。
[Abstract]:In the context of the new stage of poverty alleviation and development, the multi-dimensional poverty measurement method can better describe the situation of poor families, which accords with the requirements of accurate identification and accurate poverty alleviation at the present stage. Based on the data of household survey of four special hardship areas in Yunnan Province. Using AF multidimensional poverty measurement method from income, education, health, quality of life and social resources to measure the multidimensional poverty of farmers in poor areas. And from within the government community project resource management capacity. The poverty alleviation project participation ability and farmers' self-development ability are analyzed to analyze the influencing factors of multi-dimensional poverty of farmers in the special hardship areas. The results show that the four regions have high degree of educational poverty. The basic compulsory education can not be guaranteed, the problem of education also brings the lack of the ability to obtain social resources, by the constraints of traditional ideas, accept new things and new development model is very difficult, with the increase of poverty dimension. The health problem gradually replaces the education problem and becomes the main reason for the rural families to fall into deep poverty. The incidence of poverty in the four regions decreased with the increase of the poverty dimension, and the incidence of poverty in the middle dimension was the highest, among which, the poverty in the western Yunnan border region and the Diqing Tibetan region mainly occurred in the middle and low dimensions. In addition, the study found that the multi-dimensional poverty index is not consistent with its contribution rate, which is due to the difference in the number of poor people. The western Yunnan border region is the region with the most poor population among the four regions, although it is not the most impoverished area, but in the distribution of poverty alleviation resources. It is also necessary to consider the population weight comprehensively. From the study of the factors influencing the occurrence of multidimensional poverty, it is found that the promotion of farmers' ability to participate in poverty alleviation projects and the ability of government resource project management can significantly reduce the incidence of multidimensional poverty; In the self-development ability of farmers, the more income of planting industry in household income, the more the number of ethnic minorities in the family population, the more likely farmers fall into multi-dimensional poverty, and the more the number of people above junior middle school and the number of migrant workers in the family. According to the research conclusion, it provides policy reference for poverty alleviation in poor rural areas from three aspects: improving farmers' capacity construction, community capacity building and government capacity building.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学管理与经济学院;昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“云南乡村旅游小镇空间生产与重构研究”(批准号:51368023) 云南省社科规划办项目“扶贫开发影响下云南农村社区空间生产研究”(批准号:KKSK201508016) 昆明理工大学管理与经济学院硕博生科研预研计划资助项目
【分类号】：F323.8
【正文快照】： 贫困作为国际社会普遍存在的现象之一,由最初的收入贫困[1]发展到多维度贫困、能力贫困[2],贫困的内涵和外延界定在不断变化,1998年度诺贝尔经济学奖获得者阿玛蒂亚·森(Alllartya·Sen)首次提出“能力贫困”的概念[3],指出贫困的根本原因并非简单的收入被剥夺,而是因为贫困人

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