武威市凉州区农业科技成果转化主体培育研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 10:46

本文关键词：武威市凉州区农业科技成果转化主体培育研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农业技术在农业生产过程中的应用,有利于农业生产结构的调整与优化,促进农业生产效率的提高,从而实现农村经济持续、平稳的发展。当前我国农业发展的重要目标和任务是全面推进新农村建设。新农村的建设和发展离不开人才、科技、资金、管理等一系列因素的支撑。因此,农业科技成果的转化与推广对农村经济的发展起着至关重要的作用。本文以技术创新扩散理论、市场需求拉引理论、政府驱动理论、复合动力理论为指导,以定性和定量分析相结合、规范性分析和实证分析相结合的方法对凉州区农业科技成果转化主体培育问题进行专题研究。在通过实地调研和问卷分析后,其结果表明,近年来,凉州区在农业科技成果转化方面取得了一定成效,设施农牧业建设取得新突破、种植业结构不断优化、大田高效节水农业快速发展。然而在农业科技成果转化取得成效的同时也存在一些问题：农户、企业对农业科技成果转化认识不足,农村缺少农业科技服务组织,农户对农业科技成果认识渠道单一、狭窄,农民素质低、推广机构人员不受重视、成果推广点面发展不平衡等。农业科技成果的转化需要围绕一些实施主体来开展工作并进行成果的推广与应用。从调查来看,凉州区农业科技成果转化的主体主要包括政府、高校、科研机构、企业、农户和农业推广机构等。凉州区通过建立功能互补的农业科技服务机制、基层农业技术推广体系改革与示范点建设、实施科技助理员行动和星火科技项目、为核心区乡镇配备科技专家等政策措施来培育壮大各个转化主体。但在各个主体的培育过程中也存在一些突出问题：技术推广盲目、人才队伍后备不足、农户意识淡薄、政策设计不尽合理、项目落实不到位和行政干预过多等。因此,需要采取一些有效措施来促进农业科技成果转化主体培育和壮大,加快农业科技成果转化为现实生产力的步伐,从而进一步提高凉州区农业生产力水平,切实增加农民收入,促进当地经济又好又快发展。总的来看,宏观层面上应该通过完善耦合互动机制和强化激励推进机制来进行各个主体的培育与壮大；微观层面则应加强对农户的培训,拓宽企业的资金渠道,加强高校与其他主体间的合作,提高推广人员的素质以及政府在政策扶持、法律、产权、管理等方面的完善,科研机构要注重市场需求。
[Abstract]:The application of agricultural technology in the process of agricultural production is beneficial to the adjustment and optimization of agricultural production structure and the improvement of agricultural production efficiency so as to realize the sustainable rural economy. At present, the important goal and task of agricultural development is to promote the construction of new countryside. The construction and development of new countryside can not be separated from the support of a series of factors, such as talent, science and technology, capital, management and so on. The transformation and popularization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements play a vital role in the development of rural economy. This paper is guided by the theory of diffusion of technological innovation, the theory of market demand pulling, the theory of government drive and the theory of compound power. Through the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, normative analysis and empirical analysis of the subject of agricultural science and technology transformation in Liangzhou District, the cultivation of the subject is studied. After field research and questionnaire analysis. The results show that in recent years, Liangzhou District has made certain achievements in the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements, the establishment of agriculture and animal husbandry construction has made a new breakthrough, and the structure of planting has been continuously optimized. High-efficiency water-saving agriculture develops rapidly in the field. However, there are still some problems in the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements: farmers and enterprises do not know enough about the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Rural lack of agricultural science and technology service organizations farmers understanding of agricultural science and technology achievements of a single narrow farmers low quality extension organizations are not attached importance to. The transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements needs to focus on some implementing bodies to carry out the work and the promotion and application of the results. From the perspective of the investigation. The main body of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Liangzhou District mainly includes the government, universities, scientific research institutions, enterprises, farmers and agricultural extension agencies, etc. Liangzhou District through the establishment of functional complementary agricultural science and technology service mechanism. Reform of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system and construction of demonstration sites, implementation of science and technology assistant action and spark science and technology projects. Policy measures such as providing scientific and technological experts to the towns and villages in the core area to cultivate and strengthen each transformation body. However, there are some outstanding problems in the cultivation process of each main body: blind technology promotion and insufficient reserve of talents. The peasant household consciousness is weak, the policy design is unreasonable, the project implementation is not in place and the administrative intervention is too much. Therefore, we need to take some effective measures to promote the cultivation and expansion of the main body of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Speed up the pace of transforming agricultural scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces, thereby further improve the level of agricultural productivity in Liangzhou District, increase farmers' income, and promote the sound and rapid development of the local economy. At the macro level, we should cultivate and strengthen each subject by perfecting the coupling interaction mechanism and strengthening the incentive and promotion mechanism. At the micro level, we should strengthen the training of farmers, broaden the financial channels of enterprises, strengthen the cooperation between colleges and universities and other subjects, improve the quality of extension personnel and the government in policy support, law, property rights. Management and other aspects of perfection, scientific research institutions should pay attention to market demand.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.3

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