我国粮食生产支持政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 03:02

本文关键词：我国粮食生产支持政策研究　出处：《河南科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：粮食是维持人类生存的必需品,是国家和民族赖以生存的最为重要的战略资源,粮食产业有公共物品的性质,对其他产业部门具有正的外部性,但由于粮食产业是弱质产业,粮食的供给容易受到多种因素的影响而产生变动,威胁人类生活和社会的安定。我国人口数量世界第一,受到地理因素的限制,可耕种的土地面积与所要供养的人口数量不平衡,加上经济的发展和城镇化进程的推进,每年不断有可耕种优质土地被占用,加剧了我国粮食安全问题。近年来全球粮食安全问题不断凸显,我国粮食自给率也在不断下降,全球粮食贸易的经济环境和市场环境的变化也影响着我国粮食生产,但我国相关粮食生产支持政策不能应对这些变化和出现的问题,因而迫切需要完善我国现有的粮食生产支持政策。本文通过研究我国粮食生产支持政策的变迁过程,以及对现阶段我国粮食生产支持政策的实施状况和政策效果的研究,发现我国粮食生产支持政策存在政策不完善,管理机制不健全,财政支持力度不高,缺少立法支撑等问题;主产区由于坚守国家粮食安全问题保障粮食生产而与主销区经济差距不断加大的问题;粮农也因为种粮比较利益低,种粮意愿受到影响等问题。本文在对发达国家如美国、欧盟、日本的粮食生产支持政策的研究中发现,发达国家在农业的现代化发展过程中粮食生产支持政策的制定都是依国情而定,并适时调整,拥有完善的配套政策体系,财政支持水平远高于我国的投入水平,最重要的是发达国家重视农业可持续发展,立法保障粮食生产的支持政策的实施。本文在最后借鉴国外的经验并结合我国国情,对我国粮食生产支持政策体系的改进与完善提出意见和建议。
[Abstract]:Food is a necessity for maintaining the survival of human beings, is the most important strategic resources for the country and the nation's survival, food industry has the nature of public goods, which has positive externality on other industries, but as the food industry is a weak industry, the supply of food is easily affected by many factors and changes in the threat to human life, and the stability of the society. China's population first in the world, by the geographical constraints, the number of arable land area and population to support the imbalance, coupled with the development of economy and the advance of the urbanization process, there have been a year of arable land quality is occupied, exacerbating the problem of food security in China in recent years. To continue to highlight the problem of global food security, China's grain self-sufficiency rate is on the decline, changes in the global food trade market environment and economic environment also affects China's grain production, but Related to China's grain production support policy can not deal with the changes and problems, so there is an urgent need to improve the existing food production support policies in China. This paper studies support the policy change process of grain production in China, and the research of China's grain production support policy at this stage the implementation status and effect of the policy, found that grain production China's existing policy support policy is not perfect, imperfect management system, financial support is not high, the lack of legislative support; the main producing areas due to adhere to national food security and the security of food production and marketing area economic gap increasing problem; but also because of the low comparative benefit of grain, grain and other issues. This paper will be affected in the developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, found on the production of grain support policy in Japan, the developed countries in the process of modernization of Agriculture The development of policy support in the production of food are determined according to the situation, and timely adjust, perfect system of supporting policies, the level of financial support is much higher than China's investment level, the most important is the developed countries attach great importance to agricultural sustainable development, legislation to ensure the implementation of policies to support grain production. This paper finally learn from foreign experience combined with China's national conditions, to improve the policy support system of China's grain production and improvement put forward opinions and suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11

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