农村土地金融的路径与措施

发布时间：2018-01-15 10:15

本文关键词：农村土地金融的路径与措施　出处：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从古至今,农业就紧密地关系着我国的发展以及我国的民生问题。土地是民生问题的根源所在,是我国国民经济发展的基石。目前我国经济的发展处于新常态阶段。在这一阶段,经济发展的速度从高速转为中高速,其经济体系构成和质量都将会产生全盘、深入的变化。然而,农村的农业所需的资金供需矛盾更加突出,资金短缺严重制约着我国农村经济的发展。为了解决资金的供给和需求之间的矛盾,有必要在农村发展农地金融。近年来,我国已经在发展农地金融,利用农地金融这一方式为我国农村发展注入鲜活的血液,促进农村经济的全面、协调、可持续发展。农村土地金融,简称为农地金融,是指农村土地承包经营者凭借其所承包农地的经营权作为金融资产,在借贷抵押、融资入股、收益分配中发挥金融资本作用的农村土地资本化过程和形式。农村土地金融主要是为了农业生产经营者的长期融资和解决农业生产经营者在生产经营过程当中的资金短缺问题,实现农业收入可持续增长的目的。因此,探索农村土地金融的路径对于解决农业资金不足、农民贷款难这一制约我国农村经济增长的因素有着深远的意义。农村土地金融发展的目的是解决“三农”问题。在中国,农地土地金融已有近三十年的历史。贵州湄潭县是自1949年新中国建立之后首个探索农村土地金融制度的地区。虽然湄潭试验缺乏顶层设计,受限于当时的经济金融大环境,加之实际操作的不规范,使得其以失败告终,但是它在如何增加、引进农业资金投入方面提供了一个新颖的路线。总结这次试验中的经验教训,可以扬长避短,为以后实施农村土地金融,增加农村资金在农业方面的投入提供借鉴。笔者认为,农村土地金融的路径是以农村土地资产化和农村土地资本化为前提的。农村土地金融的路径分为三步:第一步,农村土地由资源变为土地资产;第二步,农村土地由土地资产变为土地资本;第三步,农村土地由土地资本变为金融产品。本文中所涉及的农村土地仅仅是指农村耕地,不包括农村的宅基地以及农村的建设用地。笔者通过对国内外农村土地金融的研究现状进行了归纳,并且对农地产权理论和土地资本化理论进行了阐释和分析,基于对我国农地金融试点典型案例的分析,提出农村土地金融的路径与措施、建议,为今后农村土地金融的下一步探索和发展提供参考与借鉴。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, agriculture has been closely related to the development of our country and the livelihood of our country. Land is the root of livelihood issues. At present, the economic development of our country is in the new normal stage. In this stage, the speed of economic development changes from high speed to medium speed, and the composition and quality of its economic system will produce overall. However, the contradiction of fund supply and demand in rural agriculture is more prominent. The shortage of funds seriously restricts the development of rural economy. In order to solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of funds. It is necessary to develop farmland finance in rural areas. In recent years, our country has been developing farmland finance, using farmland finance to inject fresh blood into the rural development of our country, to promote the overall and coordinated rural economy. Sustainable development. Rural land finance, referred to as rural land finance, refers to the rural land contract operators rely on their contracted farmland management rights as financial assets, in the loan mortgage, financing into equity. The process and form of rural land capitalization which plays a role of financial capital in the distribution of income. The main purpose of rural land finance is to provide long-term financing for agricultural producers and operators and to solve the problems of agricultural producers and operators in the process of production and operation. Shortage of funds. To achieve the goal of sustainable growth of agricultural income. Therefore, to explore the path of rural land finance to solve the shortage of agricultural funds. The difficulty of farmers' loan is a factor that restricts the growth of rural economy in China. The purpose of rural land financial development is to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". Rural land finance has a history of nearly 30 years. Meitan County in Guizhou Province is the first region to explore the rural land finance system since the founding of New China in 1949. Although the Meitan experiment lacks a top-level design. Limited by the economic and financial environment at that time, coupled with the actual operation of non-standard, it ended in failure, but it is how to increase. The introduction of agricultural capital investment provides a novel route. Summing up the experience and lessons from this experiment, we can take advantage of the advantages and avoid the weaknesses, for the future implementation of rural land finance. The author thinks that increasing the input of rural funds in agriculture can be used for reference. The path of rural land finance is based on rural land assets and rural land capitalization. The path of rural land finance is divided into three steps: the first step, rural land from resources to land assets; The second step, rural land from land assets to land capital; The third step, rural land from land capital to financial products. This paper refers to rural land only refers to rural arable land. Not including the rural homestead and rural construction land. The author summarizes the current research situation of rural land finance at home and abroad, and explains and analyzes the theory of farmland property rights and land capitalization. Based on the analysis of the typical cases of rural land finance in China, this paper puts forward the path and measures of rural land finance, and provides reference and reference for the further exploration and development of rural land finance in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.1;F832.4

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