阿克苏地区红枣种植户生产性资金投入行为及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 15:56

本文关键词： 农户投资行为红枣种植影响因素　出处：《石河子大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西部大开发以来,新疆为了配合国家退耕还林政策和三北防护林生态工程建设的有效落实,大力发展以经济林为主的特色林果产业,林果产业的健康发展不仅关乎三北防护林工程成果的维护和扩展,也是促进工程建设区农民增收、农村繁荣、农业增效的基础。国家财政和地方政府对农业基础设施和农业补贴投入了大量的资金,村集体和银行信贷也是农业投入的主要参与者,然而,这些投资主体对农业投入比例有限,农户是农业生产经营活动的直接参与者和农业发展的最终受益者,农业产业的持续稳定发展还需依靠广大农户的生产性投入。然而,从全国许多地方的农户调查结果显示,农户对经济林果业疏于管理、投资不足的现象屡见不鲜,农户非农就业趋势明显,经济林果业的发展速度低于政策制定的预期,政府的目标未能普遍实现。本研究在梳理国内外相关文献和理论基础的前提下,以新疆三北防护林重点建设区域阿克苏地区红枣产业为例,在实地调研的基础上对调研数据进行整理,分析林果产业发展中微观农户的生产性资金投入行为及影响因素。首先,分析阿克苏地区农业经济发展现状、种植业结构转型过程,红枣种植规模、种植区域分布、品种类别、枣农的收入和负担情况,阿克苏地区发展红枣产业的比较优势以及产业发展面临的困境。其次,分析了红枣种植过程中在资金投入方面与粮食作物之间的差异,红枣种植农户生产性资金投入行为及投资构成,农户投资行为存在的问题。再次,构建计量模型,定量分析农户生产性资金投入的影响因素和影响方向、影响强度。最后,根据实证分析结果中影响因素的作用路径,有针对性的提出提高红枣种植农户生产性资金投入的对策建议。通过本研究主要得到以下结论:(1)红枣种植过程中,易受病虫害和自然灾害影响,影响范围广;枣农对资金和劳动力需求强度大,需要适当的农业技术知识;化肥投入是枣农生产成本中占比最大的一项。(2)农户进行固定生产性资金投入的比例较高,达到样本总数的68.13%,亩均生产性资金投入平均值为2709.38元。(3)种植规模、销售价格、户主年龄、家庭劳动力数量、亩均成本、销售难易程度对红枣种植农户是否进行固定生产性资金投入影响显著。种植规模、销售价格、户主年龄、亩均收入、销售难易程度、户主文化水平、是否有技术培训、是否发生灾害对农户亩均生产性资金投入规模影响显著。本研究认为以下措施有利于提高农户生产性资金投入,提高红枣产业化发展步伐:(1)推进土地流转制度改革,培养红枣种植专业户,实现规模化经营;(2)提高农业技术服务部门的服务水平,及时有效推广农业技术,提高农户的投资效率;(3)拓宽市场销售渠道,重视产品宣传推广;(4)鼓励农民参加保险,降低意外灾害带来的损失;(5)加大对农户的资金支持力度,合理控制农资价格涨幅。
[Abstract]:Since the great development of the western region, in order to cooperate with the national policy of returning farmland to forests and the effective implementation of the ecological engineering construction of the three northern shelterbelts, Xinjiang has vigorously developed the characteristic forest and fruit industry with the economic forest as the main part. The healthy development of forest and fruit industry is not only related to the maintenance and expansion of the three northern shelterbelt engineering achievements, but also to promote the increase of farmers' income and rural prosperity in the construction area of the project. The basis for agricultural efficiency gains. National finance and local governments have invested heavily in agricultural infrastructure and agricultural subsidies, and village collective and bank credit have also been major players in agricultural inputs, however. These investment subjects are limited to the proportion of agricultural inputs, farmers are the direct participants in agricultural production and management activities and the ultimate beneficiaries of agricultural development. The sustainable and stable development of agricultural industry still depends on the productive input of farmers. However, the survey results of farmers in many parts of the country show that farmers do not manage the economic forest and fruit industry. The phenomenon of insufficient investment is common, the trend of non-agricultural employment of farmers is obvious, the development speed of economic forest and fruit industry is lower than the expectation of policy formulation. The goal of the government has not been generally realized. This study in the domestic and foreign literature and theoretical basis of the premise of Xinjiang Sanbei shelterbelt focus on the construction of the region Aksu jujube industry as an example. On the basis of field research, this paper analyzes the productive capital input behavior and influencing factors of micro-farmers in the development of forest and fruit industry. Firstly, it analyzes the current situation of agricultural economic development in Aksu region. The transformation process of planting structure, planting scale of red jujube, regional distribution of planting, variety type, income and burden of jujube farmers. The comparative advantage of developing jujube industry in Aksu area and the difficulties faced by industrial development. Secondly, the difference between the fund input and grain crops in the planting process of red jujube was analyzed. Jujube planting farmers productive capital investment behavior and investment composition, the problems of farmers' investment behavior. Thirdly, set up a measurement model, quantitative analysis of farmers' productive capital investment factors and impact direction. Finally, according to the empirical analysis of the impact of factors in the path. Through this study, we can get the following conclusions: 1) in the process of planting jujube, it is easy to be affected by pests and diseases and natural disasters. Wide range of influence; Jujube farmers have a strong demand for capital and labor, and need appropriate agricultural technical knowledge; Chemical fertilizer input is the most important item in jujube production cost. 2) the proportion of fixed productive fund input by farmers is higher, reaching 68.13% of the total sample. The average productive capital input per mu is 2709.38 yuan. 3) planting scale, selling price, age of head of household, number of household labor force, average cost of mu. The scale of planting, the sale price, the age of the head of household, the average income per mu, the degree of difficulty of sale, the level of education of the head of household are significantly affected by the degree of difficulty and ease of sale. Whether there is technical training or whether disasters have a significant impact on the scale of farmers' per mu productive capital investment. This study believes that the following measures are conducive to improve farmers' productive capital investment. To promote the reform of land circulation system, to train the specialized households of jujube planting, and to realize large-scale operation; (2) to improve the service level of the agricultural technical service sector, to promote the agricultural technology in a timely and effective manner, and to improve the investment efficiency of the farmers; 3) broaden the marketing channels and attach importance to the promotion of products; Encourage farmers to participate in insurance and reduce the losses caused by accidental disasters; Increase the financial support to farmers, reasonable control of agricultural price increases.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.13

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