内蒙古通辽市牛产业链延伸研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 14:43

本文关键词： 产业链延伸附加价值牛产业　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年来,国家加大了对民族地区的投入力度,少数民族地区的经济有了飞速的发展,但总体来看,以工业为主导的第二产业在地区发展中发挥了重大的作用。十八大之后,中央提出要全面建成小康社会,这就要求民族地区推进工业化时,更加注重以工业反哺农业。由于民族地区历史、地理、文化等诸多方面的原因,少数民族地区的第一产业尤其是畜牧业的产业化进程发展缓慢,在产业链的上中下游均存在不同程度的问题,而畜牧业在农牧区的生产生活中又占有极为重要的地位,如何做好畜牧业产业链延伸工作是实现当地经济社会平稳发展的重点难题。以往关于第一产业链的研究大多是围绕产业结构的调整和优化展开,研究地区也往往以发达地区为主。民族地区的第一产业尤其是畜牧业在养殖规模、方式和发展方向同先进地区的产业发展方式存在着明显的差异,简单沿用原有的产业理论体系来考量畜牧产业在民族地区的发展途径,其适用性和科学性都存在相当的问题。牛羊养殖是民族地区畜牧产业的代表,本文研究的通辽地区是国家重要的商品粮基地和畜牧业生产基地,享有“中国黄牛之乡”和“内蒙古粮仓”的美誉。作为我国少数民族地区的重要组成部分,肉牛产业的发展稳定与否与区域社会稳定及经济繁荣都有重要的关联。通辽地区的肉牛资源极为丰富,如开鲁县、科左中旗、科尔沁区、科左后旗和扎鲁特旗等都是肉牛生产的主要地区。自2006年起通辽地区的肉牛产量一直位居自治区第一位,总出栏牛的数量超过内蒙古总的平均水平。通辽地区肉牛产业正向良好的态势发展,发展具有巨大的潜力。通辽地区构成总量的牛肉消费为:通辽地区四分之一的牛肉总产量是由本市居民消费,牛肉总量的四分之三是向周边地区供给和供港活牛等渠道销售。牛肉产量的3%是加工制品,机械化程度低,品种少。现今农户或企业在肉牛的屠宰过程中由于操作不当极容易造成对肉的污染,以及经过屠宰后的牛肉不能进行排酸熟化,影响牛肉的口感和观感;在市场上出售的大多数牛肉因其在加工过程中的胴体未经过排酸使其嫩度受到了影响。本文通过研究通辽地区肉牛产业的现状,解析通辽牛产业的发展优势以及存在的问题,就如何推动通辽市牛产业链延伸,提升牛产品的附加价值,进行理论研究并提出相关的对策。这对全国的经济欠发达地区和民族地区如何实现畜牧产业链的延伸会有一定的启发和借鉴意义。本文采用实证分析法、规范分析法与文献研究法,以通辽市牛产业为案列,将牛产业链视为由一个由上游原料供给、中游农牧户养殖、下游加工企业生产销售的不同阶段的连续供给过程,并从中分析各阶段存在的问题,然后给予针对性的建议,为我国民族地区牛产业链延伸理论的发展贡献自己的一份力量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the state has increased investment in minority areas, the economy of ethnic minority areas have rapid development, but overall. After the 18 National Congress, the central government proposed to build a well-to-do society in an all-round way, which called for the promotion of industrialization in minority areas. Pay more attention to feeding agriculture with industry. Due to the history, geography, culture and many other reasons, the development of the primary industry, especially the industrialization of animal husbandry, in minority areas is slow. In the upper and lower reaches of the industrial chain, there are some problems, and animal husbandry plays an extremely important role in the production and life of agricultural and pastoral areas. How to do well the extension of animal husbandry industry chain is the key problem to realize the steady development of local economy and society. Most of the previous researches on the first industry chain are focused on the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure. The primary industry, especially the animal husbandry, has obvious differences in the scale, mode and development direction of the farming industry between the developed regions and the advanced regions. Simple use of the original industry theory system to consider the development of livestock industry in ethnic areas, its applicability and scientific problems. Cattle and sheep farming is the representative of animal husbandry industry in ethnic areas. Tongliao area studied in this paper is an important commodity grain base and animal husbandry production base in our country, and enjoys the reputation of "the hometown of Chinese cattle" and "Inner Mongolia granary", which is an important part of the minority areas in China. The development of beef cattle industry stability and regional social stability and economic prosperity have an important relationship. Tongliao region is extremely rich in beef resources, such as Kailu County, Kezuo Zhongqi, Korqin District. Kezuo hou Banner and Zarut Banner are the main areas of beef cattle production. Since 2006, the beef production in Tongliao area has been the first in the autonomous region. The total number of cattle was higher than the average level in Inner Mongolia. The beef cattle industry in Tongliao area was developing well. The total beef consumption of Tongliao area is: 1/4 of the total beef output in Tongliao area is consumed by the residents of this city. 3/4 of the total beef quantity is supplied to the surrounding areas and sold to live cattle in Hong Kong. 3% of the beef output is processed products, with a low degree of mechanization. At present, farmers or enterprises are apt to pollute the meat because of improper operation in the slaughtering process of beef cattle, and the beef after slaughtering can not be deacified and ripened, which affects the taste and perception of beef. The tenderness of most of the beef sold in the market is affected by the fact that the carcass is not drained by acid during the processing process. This paper studies the present situation of beef industry in Tongliao area. Analyze the advantages of Tongliao cattle industry and the existing problems, on how to promote the extension of Tongliao cattle industry chain, enhance the additional value of cattle products. Carry on the theory research and put forward the related countermeasure. This will have certain inspiration and reference significance to how to realize the extension of the livestock industry chain in the underdeveloped areas and the minority areas of the whole country. This paper adopts the empirical analysis method. Normative analysis method and literature research method, take Tongliao cattle industry as a case, the cattle industry chain is regarded as a farm and pastoralists raised by upstream raw materials. The continuous supply process of different stages of production and sales of downstream processing enterprises, and the analysis of the problems in each stage, and then give targeted recommendations. It contributes its own strength to the development of the extension theory of cattle industry chain in minority areas of our country.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3

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