红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 10:17

本文关键词： 红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国目前初步形成的农技推广模式是以农业合作社为主体的较为健全的推广模式,而其中农民专业合作社分别在农业技术的试验示范、引进和推广应用等领域,已经形成了初级的模型,除此之外,合作社在新型农技推广方面所占的比重日趋增大,但当下仍属于发展初期,以农民专业合作社为主体的农业技术推广还面临很多难题,这些缺陷大大降低了合作社农业技术推广绩效水平,加重了农户农产品收入的压力,影响了我国现阶段农村迫切需要的经济发展,阻碍了农业现代化的脚步。因此,本研究以黑龙江省大庆市双榆树乡红高粱专业合作社(后文简称红高粱专业合作社)为研究对象,对其农技推广绩效的影响因素,同时,对改善农民专业合作社从事的技术推广过程,及其所产生的最终的绩效,还有对农业合作社推广体制改革的促进,提供了理论依据和现实指导意义。本研究的主要内容如下:首先,对双榆树乡红高粱专业合作社农技推广的现状进行了全面的分析。合作社的推广内容主要侧重红高粱的栽培管理技术;现今合作社的推广方式也越来越呈现多样化的趋势;在推广投入方面,2014年合作社推广经费投入依然比较短缺;农业技术人员在农技推广过程中投入较少,仍然较为短缺;农业物资投入的种类较为匮乏,新型农业物资较为稀缺;工具的运用在农技推广过程中较为落后;农户对推广形式的满意度在推广产出方面低于对推广内容的满意度。另一方面,利用DEA方法构建了双榆树乡红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效评价的指标体系,该体系的二级指标有6个,三级指标有7个。并运用该指标体系对红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效进行了评价,评价结果表明,从2012年到2014年,双榆树乡红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效水平呈逐年增加趋势,且总体绩效水平较高。通过这一结论,对双榆树乡红高粱专业合作社农技推广绩效影响因素分析构建了的Tobit回归模型,该模型中包括合作社农技推广方式、合作社农技推广经费、农户的受教育程度、科研合作、政府政策扶持和财政扶持等8个影响因素变量。回归模型的分析结果表明:合作社农技推广费用、农户种植红高粱的面积、外部环境、合作社农技人员对工作环境、在合作社所处地位的满意度以及对农技推广绩效的影响较为显著。针对所得的结论,对提高双榆树乡红高粱农民专业合作社农技推广绩效提出了对策和建议,其中包括:拓宽引进经费渠道,改善经费管理制度、扩大农户的土地经营规模、加大政府对合作社的政策扶持、加强合作社与科研机构的合作、改善农技人员工作环境、改善合作社从事农业技术推广的技术员在合作社范围内的名望等方面。
[Abstract]:The agricultural technology extension model initially formed in our country is a relatively sound extension model with agricultural cooperatives as the main body. Among them, the farmers' specialized cooperatives are respectively in the fields of agricultural technology test and demonstration, introduction and application, etc. The primary model has been formed, in addition, the proportion of cooperatives in the new agricultural technology extension is increasing, but it is still in the early stage of development, and the agricultural technology extension with farmers' specialized cooperatives as the main body is still faced with many difficulties. These defects have greatly reduced the performance level of cooperative agricultural technology extension, increased the pressure on farmers' income of agricultural products, affected the urgently needed economic development in rural areas at the present stage of our country, and hindered the pace of agricultural modernization. In this study, the Red Sorghum Cooperatives in Shuangyushu Township, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, were taken as the research objects, and the factors affecting their agricultural technology extension performance were also discussed. To improve the process of technical extension undertaken by specialized farmers' cooperatives and their eventual performance, as well as to promote the reform of the extension system of agricultural cooperatives, The main contents of this study are as follows: first, The present situation of agricultural technology extension of red sorghum cooperatives in Shuangyushu Township was comprehensively analyzed. The contents of the popularization of cooperatives mainly focused on the cultivation and management techniques of red sorghum. In the aspect of extension investment, in 2014, the cooperative extension fund investment is still short; the agricultural technical personnel in the agricultural technology extension process investment is less, still relatively short, the kind of agricultural material input is relatively scarce, the new agricultural material is relatively scarce; The application of tools is relatively backward in the process of agricultural technology extension; the farmers' satisfaction with the extension form is lower than that of the extension content in the aspect of extension output. On the other hand, The index system of agricultural technology extension performance evaluation in Red Sorghum Cooperative of Shuangyu Township was constructed by using DEA method. There are six secondary indexes in this system. There are 7 third-level indexes. The performance of agricultural technology extension of Red Sorghum specialized Cooperative is evaluated by using this index system. The results show that, from 2012 to 2014, The level of agricultural technology extension performance of Red Sorghum specialized Cooperative in Shuangyushu Township is increasing year by year, and the overall performance level is higher. The Tobit regression model of agricultural technology extension performance of Red Sorghum specialized Cooperative in Shuangyushu Township was established. The model includes the agricultural technology extension mode of cooperative, the funds of agricultural technology extension, the education level of farmers, and the cooperation of scientific research. The results of regression model showed that the cost of agricultural technology extension of cooperative, the area of farmers planting red sorghum, the external environment, the working environment of agricultural technicians of cooperative, and so on. The satisfaction degree of the position in the cooperative and the effect on the performance of agricultural technology extension were significant. In view of the conclusions, the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the performance of agricultural technology extension in the professional cooperative of Red Sorghum farmers in Shuangyushu Township. These include: broadening the channels of introducing funds, improving the system of fund management, expanding the scale of land management of farmers, increasing the government's policy support for cooperatives, strengthening the cooperation between cooperatives and scientific research institutions, and improving the working environment of agricultural technicians. To improve the reputation of technicians engaged in agricultural extension in cooperatives, etc.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.42;F323.3

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