河南省粮食生产与生态环境协调发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 14:27

本文选题：协调发展　切入点：粮食生产　出处：《河南工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：河南省作为我国粮食生产的核心产区,对于保障国家粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。2015年,河南省粮食产量实现了“十二连增”,2016年河南省粮食产量达到5946.6万吨,依旧位居全国前列。但是多年以来,粮食生产过程中对农业生态环境的重视程度不够,粗放型的粮食生产方式导致一系列生态环境问题,例如土壤逐渐污染,耕地出现板结化,农业地表水污染稀缺,地下水减少并导致多地发生地表层沉降等等。因此,在党中央提出绿色发展理念的背景下,深入研究分析河南省农业生态环境破坏现状,对于实现河南省粮食生产与农业生态环境协调发展,率先进行粮食生产方式的转型,保障国家粮食安全,有着重要的现实意义和长远意义。本文在研究粮食生产与农业生态环境相互影响关系的理论基础上,对河南省的粮食生产和农业生态环境的基本情况及特点进行了分析,利用数据分析法对河南省为了提高粮食产量而进行的粗放型粮食生产方式,如化肥、农药的大剂量滥用导致的土壤和水体污染、塑料地膜的大规模使用导致的耕地污染等生态环境问题进行了分析,得出了目前河南省粮食生产与生态环境发展不协调的矛盾。运用深入访谈法调研了近年来河南省为促进粮食生产与生态保护协调发展所颁布的相关法规文件,以及采取的一些行动措施和落实情况,如实施“农药、化肥零增长行动”,推进测土配方施肥,启动农业面源防控行动,推进农业环境保护试点示范工作等等,总结已经取得的阶段性成果和存在的一些难题。然后利用理论与实际相结合的方法,根据河南省基本农情,分析当前河南省粮食生产与生态保护发展不协调的基本影响因素,提出加大环保意识宣传、改进绿色粮食生产科技政策、完善相关法律法规、建立完善农业生态管理机制等具有实际操作性的对策建议。最后总结全文并提出下一步研究方向。
[Abstract]:Henan Province, as the core producing area of grain production in China, has made great contribution to ensuring the national food security. In 2015, the grain output of Henan Province increased by 12 tons, and the grain output of Henan Province reached fifty-nine million four hundred and sixty-six thousand tons in 2016. But for many years, the agricultural ecological environment has not been paid enough attention to in the course of grain production. Extensive grain production methods have led to a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as the gradual pollution of the soil and the formation of ploughed land. Agricultural surface water pollution is scarce, groundwater is reduced and surface subsidence occurs in many places and so on. Therefore, under the background of the Party Central Committee's idea of green development, the present situation of agricultural ecological environment destruction in Henan Province is deeply studied and analyzed. In order to realize the coordinated development of grain production and agricultural ecological environment in Henan Province, to take the lead in the transformation of grain production mode and to ensure national food security, This paper analyzes the basic situation and characteristics of grain production and agricultural ecological environment in Henan Province on the basis of studying the relationship between grain production and agricultural ecological environment. Soil and water pollution caused by large dosage abuse of chemical fertilizer and pesticides in Henan Province were analyzed by data analysis method in order to increase grain yield. Ecological and environmental problems such as cultivated land pollution caused by large-scale use of plastic film were analyzed. The contradiction between food production and ecological environment development in Henan Province is obtained. The relevant laws and regulations issued by Henan Province in recent years to promote the coordinated development of grain production and ecological protection have been investigated by using in-depth interview method. As well as some action measures taken and their implementation, such as the implementation of the "Zero growth Action on pesticides and Fertilizer," the promotion of soil testing and fertilization, the initiation of agricultural non-point source prevention and control actions, and the promotion of pilot demonstration work on agricultural environmental protection, etc. In this paper, we summarize the stage achievements and some difficult problems that have been achieved. Then, by using the method of combining theory with practice and according to the basic agricultural situation of Henan Province, we analyze the basic influence factors of the current uncoordinated development of grain production and ecological protection in Henan Province. The paper puts forward some practical countermeasures and suggestions, such as increasing the awareness of environmental protection, improving the scientific and technological policy of green grain production, perfecting the relevant laws and regulations, and establishing and perfecting the agricultural ecological management mechanism. Finally, the paper summarizes the full text and puts forward the next research direction.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X71;F326.11

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