经济发达地区影响土地生态质量的关键景观格局因子研究——以江苏省昆山市为例

发布时间：2018-03-12 20:28

本文选题：土地生态质量　切入点：关键景观格局因子　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于景观生态学的土地生态规划是提升土地生态质量、改善区域生态环境的重要途径,其中关键景观格局因子是土地生态规划的重要基础。论文选取长三角地区经济发达的昆山市作为研究区,以土地生态质量评价所得综合指数为基础,选取14个景观格局指数,通过关联分析测度方法确定两者的相关系数,分别在镇域和不同用地结构的典型代表村探讨影响土地生态质量的关键景观格局因子。结果表明:1)镇域尺度上,土地生态质量与最大斑块指数(LPI)、面积加权平均斑块面积(AWMPS)呈显著负相关,与香农多样性(SHDI)、平均形状指数(MSI)呈显著正相关;2)不同用地结构类型区影响土地生态质量的关键景观格局因子差异较大,其中建设用地集中区与斑块密度(PD)、边界密度(ED)呈显著正相关,与聚集度指数(AI)、蔓延度指数(CONTAG)呈显著负相关,生态用地集中区与斑块面积(TA)和面积加权平均斑块面积(AWMPS)呈显著正相关,农用地集中区与最大斑块指数(LPI)显著负相关,与分离度指数(SPLIT)和多样性指数(SHDI)呈显著正相关;3)对研究区土地生态规划景观设计时,首先要宏观把握景观的优势类型,注重各景观类型的均衡分布,增加景观复杂度,其次关注不同用地结构类型区的关键景观格局因子,其中建设用地集中区应适当维持景观的破碎度和离散性,生态用地集中区应最大限度保证生态用地面积和优势类型,农用地集中区应当维持其景观类型的多样性以及分布的均衡性。
[Abstract]:Land ecological planning based on landscape ecology is an important way to improve land ecological quality and regional ecological environment. The key landscape pattern factors are the important basis of land ecological planning. This paper selects Kunshan City, which is economically developed in the Yangtze River Delta region, as the research area, and selects 14 landscape pattern indices based on the comprehensive index of land ecological quality evaluation. The correlation coefficient is determined by the method of correlation analysis, and the key landscape pattern factors affecting the ecological quality of land are discussed in the typical representative villages of town area and different land structure, respectively. The results show that at the scale of town area, There was a significant negative correlation between land ecological quality and the maximum patch index (LPI) and the weighted average patch area (AWMPS). Significant positive correlation was found with Shannon diversity SHDI (mean shape index MSI). There were significant differences in key landscape pattern factors affecting land ecological quality in different land structure types. Among them, there was a significant positive correlation between the concentration area of construction land and patch density (PDN), boundary density (EDV), and a significant negative correlation between the concentration area and the aggregation index (AI) and the spread index (CONTAG). There was a significant positive correlation between ecological land concentration area and patch area (TAA) and area weighted average patch area (AWMPS), and a significant negative correlation between agricultural land concentration area and maximum patch index (LPI). In the landscape design of land ecological planning in the study area, the dominant types of landscape should be grasped macroscopically, the balanced distribution of each landscape type should be emphasized, and the complexity of landscape should be increased. Secondly, we should pay attention to the key landscape pattern factors of different land structure areas, among which the construction land concentration areas should maintain the fragmentation and dispersion of the landscape properly, and the ecological land concentration areas should ensure the ecological land area and the dominant type to the maximum extent. Agricultural land concentration areas should maintain the diversity of landscape types and the balance of distribution.
【作者单位】：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;国土资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室;江苏省土地勘测规划院;
【基金】：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(201511001-03)~~
【分类号】：F301.2;X171.1

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