嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 16:45

本文选题：生猪养殖污染　切入点：环境保护　出处：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以“黄浦江死猪漂浮事件”发生后,嘉兴市实施的生猪养殖业转型政策为研究对象,深入分析了地方政府履行环境保护职能推动污染产业转型的必要性、可行性和政策实施效果,在此基础上对嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策提出改进建议。本文首先分析了嘉兴市生猪养殖业发展的现状,认为嘉兴市生猪养殖业经历“平—升—平—降”四个发展阶段,呈现出养殖场(户)总体数量大、主体规模小、规模养殖场(户)产出大和养殖区域整体布局散、区域不平衡、局部密度高的发展特点,并运用综合比较优势指数法测算,得出嘉兴市生猪养殖业在浙江省具有一定发展优势,但发展优势的取得是建立在巨大的隐性环境成本之上,目前生猪养殖面源污染已经呈现出数量大、范围广、危害重的恶化趋势。运用公共产品、外部性和市场失灵理论分析,嘉兴市生猪养殖污染严重的原因一方面是由于生猪养殖场(户)的有限理性、生猪养殖污染信息的不对称性、农村环境的公共产品属性、生猪养殖污染的负外部性、生猪养殖污染控制的正外部性等市场失灵因素导致,另一方面是由于法律法规不健全、补助政策过于刚性、产业规划缺失、部门监管不力、环境执法不严、环保设施落后、公众参与度低等政府失责因素导致。由此认为,需要政府通过“有形之手”加强对生猪养殖业的调控,实现环境保护的目的。本文详细描述了嘉兴市在开展生猪养殖业转型发展工作中所采取的突出拆违减量、推进转型发展、控制养殖污染等各项政策措施。并发现嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策在实施过程中仍然面临了依法推进难、规划执行难、拆违成本大等拆违减量难题,转产转业难、农民增收难、转型成本大、规模发展难等转型发展难题,污染长效控制难、科技支撑待加强、无害化处理运营难、市场作用发挥难等难题。对此,本文运用演化博弈理论的方法,构建了生猪养殖场(户)和政府为研究对象的生猪养殖污染控制演化博弈模型,从政府、生猪养殖场(户)和社会三个方面分析能够控制生猪养殖污染的影响因素,进一步探讨嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型发展政策对污染控制的影响。本文认为嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策存在强制手段为主导致行政成本大、监管体系不健全导致成效维持难、市场化工具单一导致市场作用小和自愿方法缺乏导致治污主动性不强等四方面不足。在此基础上,本文提出了强化政府管理、引导产业转型和鼓励社会参与三点嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策改进建议,并总结了嘉兴市生猪养殖业转型政策对其他地方的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Taking the floating incident of dead pigs in Huangpu River as the research object, the paper analyzes the necessity of local government to carry out environmental protection function to promote the transformation of pollution industry. On the basis of the feasibility and the effect of the policy implementation, some suggestions are put forward to improve the transformation policy of Jiaxing pig breeding industry. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation of Jiaxing pig breeding industry. It is considered that the pig breeding industry in Jiaxing city has experienced four stages of development: "flat-ascending-flat-down", showing that the total number of farms (households) is large, the main body scale is small, the output of scale farms (households) is large and the overall distribution of breeding areas is scattered, and the regional imbalance is also found. Based on the characteristics of high local density and the comprehensive comparative advantage index method, it is concluded that Jiaxing pig breeding industry has some advantages in Zhejiang province, but the development advantage is based on the huge hidden environmental cost. At present, the non-point source pollution of pig breeding has shown a worsening trend of large quantity, wide scope and heavy harm. Using the theory of public goods, externality and market failure, On the one hand, the serious pollution caused by live pig breeding in Jiaxing City is due to the limited rationality of pig farms (households), the asymmetry of pig breeding pollution information, the public goods attribute of rural environment, and the negative externality of pig breeding pollution. Market failure factors such as positive externalities in the pollution control of pig breeding, on the other hand, are due to imperfect laws and regulations, rigid subsidy policies, lack of industrial planning, weak supervision of departments, lax enforcement of environmental laws, and backward environmental protection facilities. As a result of low public participation and government default, it is believed that the government needs to strengthen its regulation of pig breeding through "tangible hands." This paper describes in detail Jiaxing City in the development of pig breeding transformation and development work to highlight illegal reduction, promote the transformation of development, And found that in the process of implementing the transformation policy of Jiaxing pig breeding industry, it is still faced with the difficulty of advancing according to law, the difficulty of planning and implementation, the difficulty of dismantling illegal reduction, the difficulty of transferring production and transferring to work, and the difficulty of increasing farmers' income, such as the problem of illegal reduction, the difficulty of transferring production and transferring to work, and the difficulty of increasing farmers' income. In this paper, the evolutionary game theory is applied to solve the problems of transformation and development, such as the large cost of transformation, the difficulty of developing scale and so on, the difficulty of long-term pollution control, the need to strengthen the support of science and technology, the difficulty of dealing with harmless operation and the difficulty of playing market function. An evolutionary game model of pig breeding pollution control was established in pig farms (households) and the government. The influencing factors of pollution control in pig breeding were analyzed from three aspects: government, pig farms (households) and society. This paper further discusses the influence of the transformation and development policy of Jiaxing pig breeding industry on pollution control. This paper holds that the compulsory means of the transformation policy of Jiaxing pig breeding industry lead to the large administrative cost, the imperfect supervision system leads to the difficulty of maintaining the effect. The single market-oriented tools lead to the lack of market function and the lack of voluntary methods, which lead to the lack of active pollution control. On the basis of this, this paper proposes to strengthen government management. To guide industrial transformation and encourage social participation in Jiaxing pig breeding transformation policy improvement suggestions, and summed up Jiaxing pig breeding transformation policy for other places.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3

【相似文献】