最优保鲜模式下生鲜农产品供应链协调性研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:07

本文选题：生鲜农产品　切入点：保鲜模式　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生鲜农产品是居民日常消费必需品,在农业生产中具有不可或缺的重要地位。当前,消费者对生鲜农产品的新鲜度要求高,我国的冷链技术不成熟,企业整体保鲜意识不足;生鲜农产品流通环节损耗严重,供应链系统不协调;产品在生产销售易受自然风险影响,农业保险得不到普及。这最终导致消费者很难买到新鲜低价的产品,供应链各成员利润得不到保障,系统协调性下降。因此,本文以生鲜农产品协调性为切入点,先说明保鲜模式对供应链系统利润的影响,以利润最大化模式为最优保鲜模式,对比得出最优保鲜模式;然后在最优保鲜模式的基础上探讨不考虑自然风险下两部收费制契约对供应链系统的协调作用;进而考虑自然风险对生鲜农产品供应链系统的影响,研究农业保险对生鲜农产品供应链系统协调性的加强作用,最终分别用数值仿真验证结论。本文首先针对消费者对生鲜农产品新鲜度要求高,我国的冷链技术不成熟,企业整体保鲜意识不足的现象,研究不同保鲜模式下生鲜农产品供应链系统利润变化情况,以供应链系统利润最大化为最优保鲜模式,对比得出最优保鲜模式。考虑到生鲜农产品新鲜度主要受到运输时间和保鲜努力程度影响,随着交易运输时间的上升,保鲜努力程度下降,新鲜度下降,因此本文采用迭代关系式表示生鲜农产品新鲜度。引入消费者效用理论,运用微分学方法得出市场需求函数,依据成员对保鲜的不同选择将保鲜模式分为八类,构建不同保鲜模式下生鲜农产品供应链系统利润模型,求解不同保鲜模式下供应链系统的最优决策参数和利润,对比得出供应链系统的最优保鲜模式。其次在上文得出的最优保鲜模式的基础上,鉴于生鲜农产品在流通环节损耗严重、供应链系统不协调的问题,不考虑自然风险对生鲜农产品三级供应链系统的影响,研究两部收费制契约对供应链系统的协调作用。分别构建由单个生产商、分销商、零售商组成的无契约下和两部收费制契约下生鲜农产品三级供应链的利润模型,对比分析两部收费制契约对生鲜农产品供应链系统的协调作用,并探讨供应链系统敏感系数βα、的变化对整个供应链系统的影响。最后在上述研究的结论上,即两部收费制契约能有效协调生鲜农产品三级供应链系统,继而考虑自然风险对供应链系统的影响,引入农业保险,设定理赔机制,对比分析无农业保险和有农业保险下生鲜农产品供应链协调性,同时探讨自然风险系数和不投保系数的敏感性,得出当自然风险系数小于不参与投保系数时,生产商不适合投保;当自然风险系数大于不参与投保系数时,农业保险不仅可以减轻自然风险对供应链影响,还能加强供应链系统的协调性。
[Abstract]:Fresh agricultural products are the daily necessities of consumption of residents, and play an indispensable role in agricultural production. At present, consumers have a high demand for freshness of fresh agricultural products, the cold chain technology of our country is not mature, and the whole fresh-keeping consciousness of enterprises is insufficient. The circulation of fresh agricultural products is seriously depleted, and the supply chain system is not coordinated; the production and sales of products are easily affected by natural risks, and agricultural insurance is not popularized. This ultimately makes it very difficult for consumers to buy fresh, low-priced products. The profit of the members of the supply chain can not be guaranteed, and the coordination of the system is decreased. Therefore, this paper takes the coordination of fresh agricultural products as the starting point, explains the impact of the fresh-keeping mode on the profit of the supply chain system, and takes the profit-maximization model as the optimal preservation mode. The optimal fresh-keeping model is obtained, and the coordination effect of the two charging contracts on the supply chain system without considering the natural risk is discussed on the basis of the optimal fresh-keeping model, and the influence of the natural risk on the supply chain system of fresh agricultural products is considered. This paper studies the effect of agricultural insurance on the coordination of supply chain system of fresh agricultural products, and finally verifies the conclusion by numerical simulation. Firstly, aiming at the high demand for freshness of fresh agricultural products by consumers, the cold chain technology of our country is not mature. The phenomenon of the lack of the whole fresh-keeping consciousness of the enterprise is studied. The profit changes of the supply chain system of fresh agricultural products under different fresh-keeping modes are studied. The optimal fresh-keeping mode is the maximization of the profit in the supply chain system. Considering that the freshness of fresh agricultural products is mainly affected by transportation time and fresh-keeping effort, with the increase of trade transportation time, the degree of fresh-keeping effort decreases, and the freshness of fresh agricultural products decreases. In this paper, the iterative relation is used to express the freshness of fresh agricultural products. The consumer utility theory is introduced, and the market demand function is obtained by using the differential calculus method. According to the different selection of the members, the fresh-keeping modes are divided into eight categories. The profit model of supply chain system of fresh agricultural products under different fresh-keeping modes is constructed, and the optimal decision parameters and profits of supply chain system under different fresh-keeping modes are solved. Secondly, on the basis of the optimal fresh-keeping model obtained above, in view of the serious loss of fresh agricultural products in circulation, the supply chain system is not coordinated. Regardless of the impact of natural risks on the three-level supply chain system of fresh agricultural products, the coordination effect of two fee system contracts on the supply chain system is studied. The profit model of the three-level supply chain of fresh agricultural products under the contract of non-contract and the contract of two charging system, which is composed of retailers, is compared to analyze the coordination effect of the two contracts on the supply chain system of fresh agricultural products. The influence of the change of sensitivity coefficient 尾伪 on the whole supply chain system is discussed. Finally, the conclusion of the above research is that the two fee system contracts can effectively coordinate the three-level supply chain system of fresh agricultural products. Then considering the impact of natural risk on supply chain system, introducing agricultural insurance, setting up compensation mechanism, comparing and analyzing the supply chain coordination of fresh agricultural products without agricultural insurance and with agricultural insurance. At the same time, the sensitivity of the natural risk coefficient and the uninsured coefficient is discussed. When the natural risk coefficient is less than the non-insured coefficient, the producer is not suitable for insurance, and when the natural risk coefficient is greater than the non-insured coefficient, Agricultural insurance can not only reduce the impact of natural risks on supply chain, but also strengthen the coordination of supply chain system.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7

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