辽宁省土地利用变化碳排放效应研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 15:38

本文选题：土地利用变化　切入点：直接碳排放　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,全球经济规模扩大,人口飞速增长,加剧对环境的负担,使得全球温室效应问题越发严重,而温室气体排放也引起全世界的广泛关注,对碳减排的共识也使得其成为热点研究课题。因此本研究从土地利用的角度出发,探究辽宁省各个地类的碳排放量,为经济低碳化发展和生态文明的建设提供一定的参考意义和作用。辽宁作为振兴老东北工业基地的主要阵地,加之为农业大省,土地利用变化极为显著。因此本文选用辽宁省作为研究分析的对象,利用辽宁省2001年、2004年、2007年、2010年和2013年5个跨度年份的耕地、园地、林地、牧草地、水域、建设用地和未利用地以及化石能源消费和人口数据,并通过《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单编制指南》中相关测算方法,运用相关碳排放系数计算得出辽宁省直接碳排放量、间接碳排放量和碳净排放量的清单。论文重点研究了辽宁省碳排放特征,通过研究结果得出以下结论:研究时间段2001-2013年期间,辽宁省长期处于碳排放失衡状态,环境质量不友好。2001-2013年间,净碳排量放整体呈现增长趋势,截止至2013年末,碳净排放量已达187047308.44吨,地均碳净排放量12.63t/hm2。这其中碳排放主要来源为建设用地和耕地,但建设用地碳排放量远远大于耕地碳排放量,并呈现逐年大幅度增长趋势,同时建设用地碳排放量又直接影响碳净排放量。而碳汇地类最为明显的为林地,最弱的则为未利用地,其余依次排列为园地、牧草地和水域。主导碳排放量逐年上升的关键点是化石能源消费结构不合理,统计的八种终端能源碳排放中,碳排放系数较高的化石能源煤炭和焦炭碳排放量占比较高,且消费量也呈逐年上涨趋势。煤炭能源碳排放量达到13164.39万吨,占总体化石能源碳排放比重的62.87%;焦炭能源碳排放量为2737.12万吨,占总体化石能源碳排放比重的13.07%。基于研究结果,根据辽宁省碳排放特征,同时为响应国家“低碳经济”政策本文分别从协调经济发展,调整能源与产业结构,控制产能,因地制宜,提高森林覆盖率,完善低碳政策等方向提出响应对策,以期达到碳减排的目的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the global economic scale has expanded, the population has increased rapidly, the burden on the environment has increased, and the global Greenhouse Effect problem has become more serious, and greenhouse gas emissions have caused widespread concern around the world. The consensus on carbon emission reduction also makes it a hot research topic. Therefore, from the perspective of land use, this study explores the carbon emissions of all kinds of land species in Liaoning Province. Liaoning, as the main position of revitalizing the old northeast industrial base, is also a big agricultural province. Therefore, this paper chooses Liaoning Province as the object of study and analysis, and uses the five span years of Liaoning Province in 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010 and 2013, including cultivated land, garden land, woodland, forage land, water area, etc. The consumption and population data of construction land, unused land and fossil energy, and the direct carbon emissions from Liaoning Province are calculated by using the relevant calculation methods in the IPCC guidelines for the preparation of National greenhouse Gas inventories in 2006. This paper focuses on the characteristics of carbon emissions in Liaoning Province, and draws the following conclusions: during the period of 2001-2013, Liaoning Province is in a state of long-term carbon imbalance. Environmental unfriendliness. Between 2001 and 2013, the overall net carbon emissions showed an increasing trend. By the end of 2013, the net carbon emissions had reached 187047308.44 tons, and the net carbon emissions per land were 12.63 t / hm2.The main sources of carbon emissions were construction land and cultivated land. However, the carbon emission from construction land is much larger than that from cultivated land, and it shows a trend of increasing year by year. At the same time, the carbon emission from construction land has a direct impact on net carbon emissions. The weakest is unused land, and the rest is garden land, forage land and water area. The key point of increasing carbon emissions year by year is the unreasonable structure of fossil energy consumption. The carbon emissions of fossil energy coal and coke with high carbon emission coefficient are higher, and the consumption is increasing year by year. The carbon emission from coal energy reaches 131.6439 million tons. It accounts for 62.87 percent of the total fossil energy carbon emissions; coke energy carbon emissions are 27.3712 million tons, accounting for 13.07 percent of the total fossil energy carbon emissions. Based on the research results, according to the characteristics of carbon emissions in Liaoning Province, At the same time, in order to respond to the national "low-carbon economy" policy, this paper puts forward some countermeasures in the direction of coordinating economic development, adjusting energy and industrial structure, controlling production capacity, improving forest coverage, improving low-carbon policies, and so on. In order to achieve the aim of reducing carbon emissions.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X32;F301.2

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