四平市农民增收途径研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 20:13

本文选题：四平市　切入点：农民增收　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2004年以来,连续11年国家一号文件涉及“三农”问题,并且农民收入问题作为农民问题的核心,成为社会关注的焦点。改革开放以来,我国农民收入水平快速增长,生活状况有所改善,但受城乡二元结构等因素制约,城乡收入差距仍然较大,并呈现逐渐扩大的趋势,提高农业收入,化解城乡二元矛盾,成为政府、学者们关注的重点。四平市地处松辽平原腹地,土地、水利、自然气候都适于玉米的种植,是世界第二大黄金玉米带,也是我国重要的商品粮基地。作为农业大市,农业人口较多,农业人口占比56.3%,超出全国农业人口占比45.2%的平均水平,农民在地区发展中地位突出,而农民增收问题研究对促进地区发展具有现实意义。本文通过借鉴国内外有关农民增收研究方法与相关理论模型,结合四平市发展实际,通过查阅四平市农民收入相关数据,深入研究四平市农民收入特点、发展现状、农民增收问题等内容,得出四平市农民收入快速增长,但仍存在收入结构单一,农业种植收入一家独大,城乡与地区收入差逐渐扩大,农民增收动力不足等问题。利用相关分析方法,研究农副产品价格、农作物播种面积、农用机械动力、农业生产资料价格、地区人均生产总值、城镇化水平、二三产业从业人员占比、农业财政支出占比等对四平市农民收入的影响相关性。并得出农业财政支出占财政总支出比重、城镇人口比重、一产业从业人数占比对农民纯收入影响显著,并且农业生产资料价格系数、GDP增长率与一产业从业人数占比和农民纯收入呈负相关。通过四平市农民收入现状、促进因素、问题的实证研究和影响农民收入的相关因素分析后,结合国内外促进农民增收发展经验,提出加快现代农业建设,增加农业生产收入;扩展经营渠道,增加二、三产业经营收入;加快农村劳动力转移,增加农民工资性收入;加强农业保险等政策完善,稳固农民转移性净收入等农民增收途径。并提出增加政府投入,减少城乡二元结构;加快城镇化建设,吸纳过剩农业劳动力;完善市场经济体制,顺应农产品价格变动规律;扶持农企成长,提升龙头企业带动作用;加强农民教育,培养现代高素质农民;加强农村合作社建设,提升农民经营能力等提高农民收入的建议。
[Abstract]:Since 2004, the first National document has been concerned with the issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" for 11 consecutive years, and the issue of farmers' income, as the core of the problem of farmers, has become the focus of attention of the society. Since the reform and opening up, the income level of farmers in China has increased rapidly. Living conditions have improved, but the urban-rural income gap is still large, restricted by factors such as the dual structure of urban and rural areas, and shows a trend of gradually expanding, raising agricultural income, resolving the dual contradiction between urban and rural areas, and becoming the government. Siping City is located in the hinterland of Songliao Plain, land, water conservancy and natural climate are suitable for maize cultivation, is the second largest Saut茅ed Sweet Corn with Salted Egg Yolk belt in the world, and is also an important commodity grain base in China. As a big agricultural city, The agricultural population is large, and the proportion of the agricultural population is 56.3%, which exceeds the average level of 45.2% of the national agricultural population. Farmers have a prominent position in regional development. However, the research on increasing farmers' income is of practical significance to promote the development of the region. By referring to the research methods and relevant theoretical models of farmers' income increase at home and abroad, combined with the development practice of Siping City, this paper refers to the relevant data of farmers' income in Siping City. By studying the characteristics of farmers' income, the present situation of development and the problem of increasing farmers' income in Siping City, it is concluded that the income of farmers in Siping City is increasing rapidly, but there is still a single income structure, and the income of agricultural planting is the only one. The income gap between urban and rural areas and regions is gradually widening and farmers' income increasing power is insufficient. Using relevant analysis methods, the price of agricultural by-products, planting area of crops, power of agricultural machinery, price of agricultural means of production, regional per capita gross domestic product, etc., are studied. Urbanization level, the proportion of employees in the secondary and tertiary industries, and the proportion of agricultural financial expenditure on the income of farmers in Siping City are related. The ratio of agricultural financial expenditure to the total financial expenditure and the proportion of urban population is obtained. The ratio of the number of employees in the first industry has a significant impact on the net income of farmers, and the GDP growth rate of the price coefficient of agricultural means of production is negatively correlated with the proportion of the number of employed people in the first industry and the net income of farmers. Through the present situation of farmers' income in Siping City, the promotion factors are analyzed. After the empirical study of the problem and the analysis of the related factors affecting the farmers' income, combining with the experience of promoting the farmers' income and development at home and abroad, this paper proposes to speed up the construction of modern agriculture, to increase the income of agricultural production, to expand the channels of operation, to increase the second, The third industry management income; quicken the rural labor force transfer, increase the peasant wage income, strengthen the agricultural insurance policy perfect, stabilize the farmer to transfer the net income and other farmer income way, and propose to increase the government input, reduce the urban-rural dual structure; Speed up the construction of urbanization, absorb surplus agricultural labor force, perfect the market economic system, conform to the law of price change of agricultural products, support the growth of agricultural enterprises, promote the role of leading enterprises, strengthen the education of farmers and train modern high-quality farmers; Strengthen the construction of rural cooperatives, improve farmers' management capacity and other suggestions to improve farmers' income.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.8

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