仰韶文化遗址区古土地利用研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 16:29

本文选题：仰韶文化遗址　切入点：古土地利用　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：古文化遗址是古人类生产和生活活动留下的遗迹,见证了人类文明的发展,对古遗址进行调查和研究,是恢复古人类土地利用活动以及探讨文明演变的重要手段,从而能为发现和保护文化遗址提供科学参考,对传承文明也具有不可替代的作用。仰韶文化时期已经具备了一定规模的土地利用,对仰韶文化遗址区进行古土地利用恢复研究对进一步了解仰韶文化时期人类活动以及恢复古人类真实的生存状况有着重要的意义,也为考古学、地理学等多学科融合提供了研究基础。本研究基于历史学家、考古学家、地理学家等的研究成果,借助地理信息系统的空间分析功能和Logistic回归分析方法预测了遗址点的空间分布概率,运用空间统计分析方法得出了遗址点空间分布结构类型与特征,最后在估算土地利用需求的基础上,将古土地利用面积按区域各点按概率高低进行分配,恢复了仰韶文化遗址区的古土地利用空间分布。具体结果如下:(1)发现遗址点分布具有一定的空间地理特征,得出了遗址点分布与海拔高度、坡度、坡向以及距河流水平距离等环境因素的回归方程式,相关系数分别为0.245、-0.504、-0.449和-0.042,通过GIS生成了遗址点空间分布概率图,并建立了影响仰韶村文化遗址区内遗址点分布的因子指标体系;(2)对遗址点空间分布结构特征进行了分析,发现遗址点分布空间结构类型为凝聚型,结构特征为集中型;(3)对古土地利用需求进行了估算,得出古土地利用面积为849791 m2,按照土地利用概率将古土地利用面积进行分配,得到了古土地利用空间分布图,并通过了土壤P元素实验的验证,说明了土地利用空间分配的合理性。GIS空间分析方法、二元Logistic回归分析方法以及空间统计分析方法在恢复古土地利用空间分布的研究中取得了良好的成效,遗址区遗址点分布与周围环境特征存在着一定的相关关系;古土地利用需求参数能有效恢复古人类对土地利用的需求;对仰韶文化遗址古土地利用恢复进行研究,有助于我们更深层次的了解古人类的生存状况、土地利用情况以及仰韶文明的发展。
[Abstract]:Ancient cultural sites are the remains of the production and life of ancient human beings. They bear witness to the development of human civilization. The investigation and study of ancient sites is an important means to restore the land use activities of ancient human beings and to explore the evolution of civilization. Therefore, it can provide scientific reference for the discovery and protection of cultural sites and play an irreplaceable role in the transmission of civilization. During the Yangshao culture period, land use on a certain scale was already available. The study of ancient land use and restoration in Yangshao cultural site area is of great significance for further understanding of human activities during the Yangshao culture period and for restoring the true living conditions of ancient human beings, which is also called archaeology. This research is based on the research of historians, archaeologists, geologists, etc. The spatial distribution probability of sites is predicted by using the spatial analysis function of GIS and Logistic regression analysis, and the types and characteristics of spatial distribution structure of sites are obtained by using the spatial statistical analysis method. Finally, on the basis of estimating the demand for land use, the area of ancient land use is allocated according to the probability of each point in the region. The spatial distribution of ancient land use in the Yangshao cultural site area has been restored. The concrete results are as follows: 1) it is found that the distribution of site sites has certain spatial geographical characteristics, and the distribution of site sites and altitude and slope are obtained. The regression equation of environmental factors such as slope direction and horizontal distance from river, the correlation coefficient is 0.245 ~ -0.504 ~ -0.449 and -0.042, respectively. The probability map of spatial distribution of site sites is generated by GIS. A factor index system which affects the distribution of site sites in Yangshao Village cultural site area is established. The structural characteristics of site site spatial distribution are analyzed. It is found that the spatial structure type of site distribution is condensed type. The structural characteristics of this paper are as follows: (1) the demand for ancient land use is estimated, and the area of ancient land use is 849791 m2. According to the probability of land use, the area of ancient land use is allocated, and the spatial distribution map of ancient land use is obtained. The rationality of spatial allocation of land use and the spatial analysis method of GIS were proved by the experiment of P element in soil. The binary Logistic regression analysis method and the spatial statistical analysis method have achieved good results in the research of restoring the spatial distribution of ancient land use, and there is a certain correlation between the distribution of site sites in the site area and the characteristics of the surrounding environment. The parameters of ancient land use demand can effectively restore the ancient people's demand for land use, and the research on the ancient land use and restoration of Yangshao cultural site will be helpful to us to understand the living conditions of ancient people at a deeper level. Land use and the development of Yangshao civilization.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

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