北京平原区粮菜林三地类时空转变特征

发布时间：2018-04-06 02:12

本文选题：土地利用　切入点：遥感　出处：《农业工程学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：该文利用遥感与地理信息系统技术研究北京平原区农用地内部粮田、菜地和林地三大类农地利用类型的变化。结果表明:2004年至2014年这10 a间,粮田转变为林地与菜地是北京平原区农地利用变化主流。粮田转变为林地面积是969.97 km~2,其土地利用变化重要性指数高达72.11%,在各类农地利用变化类型中居首。而粮田转为菜地则主要是粮田转变为设施菜地,10 a间粮田转变为设施菜地面积是163.53 km~2,其土地利用变化重要性指数为12.16%,在各类农地利用变化类型中居次;同时,10 a间北京平原区农地利用变化存在空间分异特征。主城近郊区与远郊平原区农地利用变化主要是粮田转为林地,两大分区中该变化类型土地利用变化重要性指数分别为84.18%、76.21%,明显高于其他农地利用变化类型土地利用变化重要性指数。在城市新区,粮田则分别转为林地与设施菜地;10 a间北京平原区农地利用空间分布均具有圈层特征,由近郊向远郊,农地内部结构都呈现林地为主类型,到粮田、菜地与林地混合利用类型,再到粮田与林地组合利用类型的空间格局。而10 a间随着主城区的外扩,上述农地利用圈层特征出现了由近郊向远郊外移、且林地与蔬菜面积占比增加的现象。研究认为:农地内部粮、菜、林3地类的转变和农地利用圈层外移是农户追求经济效益最大化与政府为改善生态环境所致;而改善生态不应以牺牲粮田为代价,应充分利用粮田的生态系统服务功能以实现生态绿化目的。
[Abstract]:Using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technology, this paper studies the changes of three types of agricultural land use types in Beijing plain area, I. e., grain field, vegetable land and forest land.The results showed that during the 10 years from 2004 to 2014, the transformation of grain fields into woodland and vegetable land was the main trend of farmland use change in Beijing plain area.The conversion of grain field to woodland area is 969.97 km2, and its land use change importance index is 72.11, which is the most important in all types of farmland use change.The conversion of grain field to vegetable land is mainly from grain field to facility vegetable field in 10 years. The land use change importance index is 12.16, and the land use change is the second among all kinds of farmland use change types, and the area of grain field to facility vegetable field is 163.53 km / m ~ 2 in 10 years.At the same time, there are spatial differentiation characteristics of farmland use change in Beijing plain area during the past 10 years.The main changes of farmland use in the suburbs of the main city and the plain areas in the outer suburbs are mainly the conversion of grain fields to woodland.The importance index of land use change of this type is 84.18 and 76.21 respectively, which is obviously higher than that of other land use change types.In the new urban area, the distribution of farmland utilization space in Beijing plain area has the characteristics of circle layer during 10 years of conversion of grain fields into woodland and facility vegetable plots respectively. From the suburbs to the outer suburbs, the interior structure of the farmland is mainly woodland, to the grain field.Vegetable land and woodland mixed use type, and then to the grain field and forest land combination use type spatial pattern.However, with the expansion of the main urban area in the past 10 years, the characteristics of the agricultural land use circle moved from the suburbs to the outer suburbs, and the proportion of the forest land to the vegetable area increased.It is concluded that the transformation of grain, vegetable and forest types in farmland and the outward migration of agricultural land use circle are the result of the farmers' pursuit of maximum economic benefits and the government's efforts to improve the ecological environment, and the improvement of the ecology should not be at the expense of grain fields.The ecosystem service function of grain fields should be fully utilized to achieve the purpose of ecological greening.
【作者单位】：广西大学公共管理学院;中国农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71363005,71403063) 国家社会科学基金项目(13CGL109)
【分类号】：F301.24

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