基于失地农民需求层次的征地补偿标准研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 16:43

本文选题：征地补偿标准 + 需求层次　；参考：《浙江财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前，中国正处于经济快速增长、城镇化的新阶段，城市化进程的加快使得大量农村集体土地被征收。伴随着土地的大量征收，征地矛盾也日益突出。大量集体土地被征收转用，用于非农项目的建设与开发。征地补偿标准的不合理在一定程度上侵害了失地农民的利益，由此引发的群体性事件也是层出不穷，这种社会矛盾引起社会各界的广泛关注。对现有的文献回顾可以看出，我国征地补偿标准所存在的问题已经引起了很多学者的重视，相关的文献也比较丰富，但是从失地农民需求层次来研究征地补偿标准的文献非常有限。少数几篇文献提到了应该从失地农民的需求来建立征地补偿标准，但怎么建立如何建立，各个需求层次之间的关系是什么，并没用研究说明。相关文献基本停留在定性研究，在实证领域更是空白。因此有必要对国内外现有理论进行全面综合梳理，在理论基础研究方面为基于失地农民需求层次的征地补偿标准的确定提供依据。本文以马斯洛需求理论和征地补偿价格研究的相关理论作为理论基础，首先通过扎根理论的方法初步确定了失地农民对征地补偿的需求层次和因素，为了使得征地补偿标准的构成更为合理，通过层次分析法（简称AHP）进一步分析了需求层次和因素对失地农民的影响权重和重要程度的差别。然后根据失地农民的需求层次因素在征地补偿标准中的权重，，构建了新的征地补偿的标准。最后本文以舟山市定海区、普陀区、临海市为案例做了相关实证研究。考虑到征地补偿活动是国家、集体、个人三者关系，参与征地的基层工作人员有着长时间的经验，了解失地农民的心理，本研究调查对象主要是近年来舟山市定海区、普陀区、临海市被征地的农民、村集体干部和参与征地的国家基层工作人员。研究结论如下： 1、扎根理论实证法识别出四个维度十二类失地农民对征地补偿的需求层次和因素，这个分类给政府部门在征地补偿标准的制定的依据上提供了系统化的理论框架，为提高征地补偿的合理性提供了方向上的指南。 2、通过层次分析法对失地农民在征地补偿的需求层次和因素的重要性进行了分析。失地农民各需求层次的重要性不同，各个需求层次的权重值为：生存需求权重为0.38，保障需求的权重0.25，情感需求的权重为0.21，发展需求的权重为0.16。即对失地农民需求的重要性排序：发展需求＜情感需求＜保障需求＜生存需求。 3、当前我国的征地补偿标准虽然参考了社会保障等因素，但其实质还是对“地”的补偿，而不完全是对“人”的补偿，未来征地补偿的要从“以地为主”改为“以人为本”，由政府主导型征地向市场主导型征地转变。 4、不同年龄和地区对征地补偿的需求层次的重要性有差异。年轻人注重经济需求的补偿（一次性货币补偿）和就业需求，中年人侧重于就业需求和发展需求（对子女的教育和创业）。而老人对征地补偿中保障需求的偏好最大。 5、情感需求的比例比预期想象的要高，说明现在农民自主意识提高，不再像以往只是希望征地补偿款金额的提高，而是希望得到全方位更合理的保障，特别是在征地过程中自己参与的权利。 6、当前我国的征地补偿标准，只满足了失地农民的生存需求和部分保障需求。对于情感需求和发展需求的补偿则没有覆盖。这也是导致当前征地冲突的因素之一。 7、通过实证测算舟山市定海区、普陀区、临海市基于失地农民需求层次的征地补偿标准为9.8～19.8万元/亩，是当地区片征地价1.2～2.4倍，失地农民的补偿金额有了较为明显的提高。根据上述研究结论，本文从征地补偿范围的完善、相关补偿措施的实施、依据不同群体的需求补偿方式要有所侧重、对情感需求和发展需求的重视四个方面给地方政府提出相关建议。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in the new stage of rapid economic growth, urbanization, city to accelerate the process of making a large number of rural collective land expropriation. Accompanied by a large number of land expropriation, land expropriation has become increasingly prominent. A large number of collective land expropriation for non-agricultural conversion, project construction and development. The land requisition compensation standard is not reasonable in to a certain extent violated the interests of landless peasants, which triggered the mass incidents and social contradictions emerge in an endless stream, this caused widespread concern in the community.
Review of the existing literature can be seen, the existence of the standard of Chinese land expropriation compensation problem has aroused many scholars' attention, the relevant literature is also quite rich, but to study the compensation standard of Land Expropriation from the landless peasants demand level of literature is very limited. Few articles mentioned should be to establish the compensation standard of Land Expropriation from the landless peasants but how to create demand, how to build, what is the relationship between the various levels of demand, and there is no research. In the qualitative research concentrates in the empirical literature, the field is blank. So it is necessary for the domestic and foreign existing theory of comprehensive combing, on the theoretical basis of the research and provides the basis for determining the compensation standard of land requisition land the needs of farmers based on layer.
In this paper, the theory and related theory of land expropriation compensation price of Maslow as the theoretical basis, first through the method of grounded theory was preliminarily determined the landless peasants demand levels and factors of land expropriation compensation, in order to make a more reasonable compensation standard, through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) further analysis of the demand level and influencing factors the difference of weight of the landless peasants and the important degree. Then according to the demand factors of landless peasants in land expropriation compensation standard in weight, constructs a new compensation standard. Finally, in Dinghai District, Zhoushan City, Putuo District City, the case made the relevant empirical research. Considering the compensation for land expropriation activities is the country, collectively, the relationship between the three individuals, grass-roots staff involved in land acquisition has a long time experience, understand the psychology of landless peasants, the main subjects of this research In recent years, Zhoushan City Dinghai District, Putuo District, Lin Hai City was land expropriated farmers, village collective cadres and the national grass-roots staff participating in the land expropriation.
The conclusions are as follows:
1, the grounded theory empirical method to identify the four dimensions of twelve types of landless farmers on demand levels and factors of land expropriation compensation, the classification for the government in land expropriation compensation standards on the basis of the system provides a theoretical framework, to improve the land requisition compensation rationality provides guidelines on the direction.
2, through the analytic hierarchy process of landless farmers in the importance of demand levels and factors of land expropriation compensation is analyzed. The importance of landless farmers' different needs, the weight of each level of demand value: survival needs weight is 0.38, the weight of the 0.25 security requirements, the weight of the emotional needs of 0.21, the demand for the development of weight 0.16. is the importance of the landless peasants demand sort: development needs emotional needs security needs of < < < survival needs.
3, China's current land expropriation compensation standard although the reference to social security and other factors, but its essence is to "compensation, not the" people "compensation, land acquisition compensation from the future" to "to" people-oriented ", from government leading to market leading land type of land change.
4, there are differences in the importance of different ages and areas of land requisition and compensation level of demand. Young people focus on the demand of the economic compensation (one-time monetary compensation) and employment demand, middle-aged people focus on the employment needs and development needs (for children's education and Entrepreneurship). And the old man to the maximum security needs of the preference of compensation.
5, the proportion of emotional needs is higher than expected. This shows that the improvement of farmers' self-consciousness is no longer just like the expectation of the amount of land expropriation compensation, but rather a comprehensive and reasonable guarantee, especially the right to participate in the process of land expropriation.
6, the current land expropriation compensation standard only satisfies the survival needs and some security needs of the landless farmers. The compensation for emotional needs and development needs is not covered. This is also one of the factors leading to the current land expropriation conflict.
7, through the empirical calculation, the land expropriation compensation standard of Zhoushan Dinghai District, Putuo District and Lin Hai City Based on the demand level of land lost farmers is 9.8 yuan to 198 thousand yuan / mu, when the land requisition price is 1.2 to 2.4 times, the amount of compensation for the land lost farmers has been significantly improved.
According to the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward relevant suggestions from four aspects, including the improvement of the scope of land expropriation compensation, the implementation of related compensation measures, the emphasis on the needs of different groups, the emphasis on emotional needs and development needs.

【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F323.89

【参考文献】