改善我国农村人居环境的财政政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 21:29

本文选题：农村 + 财政　；参考：《财政部财政科学研究所》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：党的十八大强调要推动城乡发展一体化,并提出坚持把国家基础设施建设和社会事业发展重点放在农村,深入推进新农村建设和扶贫开发,全面改善农村生产生活条件。推动农村人居环境改善是贯彻执行十八大关于城乡一体化部署的重要体现。针对农村人居环境改善工作进行研究,具有重要的理论价值和实践价值。当前,农村人居环境恶化情况较为严重,部分地区极大影响了村庄居民的生活质量。其主要存在的问题包括：覆盖面小、基层财政支持力度不足、重建设轻维护以及投入主体较为单一等。农村居民不断向城镇及其它地区迁徙,造成部分村庄的废弃。农村人居环境存在问题的原因,还包括政府及村民观念、财力不足、缺乏长效管护机制等方面。本文认为对农村人居环境问题的科学认识是工作顺利推行的前提。进行村庄规划,是改善农村人居环境不可避免的环节。加强组织和宣传引导,是有效推进改善人居环境工作的保障。论文总共包含五个部分,第一部分为绪论,主要对文章的研究背景、研究目的进行交代,并对已有文献的研究成果进行梳理和借鉴。第二部分是对农村人居环境问题进行基本分析,讲述农村人居环境改善的内涵、主体、客体和建设机制,并对相关问题进行理论分析。第三部分为我国农村人居环境的现状,包含农村人居环境现状以及当前存在的主要问题,并深入分析原因。第四部分是对国内外农村人居环境改善动作的经验进行探讨和归纳。第五部分为文章的政策建议,从强调科学认识、加大宣传引导、完善机制和有序推进方面来部署农村人居环境的改善工作。文章建议将农村人居环境的改善工作,划分为三个阶段。第一个阶段为政府主导下的存量问题清理阶段,重点在于存量垃圾清理以及污染源头的治理。第二阶段为政府引导下的基础建设阶段,政府引导村庄建设必要的基础设施,引导长效管护机制的建立。第三阶段为村庄居民主导下的全面发展阶段,村庄居民需求可以得到满足,投入主要依赖居民自筹,各项公共事务协调机制完备。
[Abstract]:The eighteen major emphasis of the party should promote the integration of urban and rural development, and put forward that the construction of national infrastructure and the development of social undertakings should be put in the rural areas, the new rural construction and poverty alleviation and development are further promoted, and the conditions of rural production and life are comprehensively improved. The improvement of the rural human settlements environment is the implementation of the eighteen major integrated deployment of urban and rural areas. It has important theoretical value and practical value to study the improvement of rural human settlements environment. At present, the deterioration of the living environment in rural areas is more serious, and some areas have greatly affected the quality of life of the village residents. The main existing problems include small coverage, insufficient financial support at the grass-roots level, and a light reconstruction. The maintenance and the input of the main body are relatively simple. The rural residents are constantly migrating to the towns and other areas, resulting in the abandonment of some villages. The reasons for the problems exist in the rural human settlements environment, including the concept of the government and the villagers, the lack of financial resources, the lack of long effective management mechanism and so on. This article holds that the scientific understanding of the rural human settlement environment is the work of the work. The premise of smooth implementation. Village planning is an inevitable link to improve the living environment in rural areas. Strengthening organization and publicity and guidance is an effective guarantee for improving the work of living environment. The thesis consists of five parts. The first part is an introduction. The second part is the basic analysis of the rural human settlement environment, the connotation, the subject, the object and the construction mechanism of the improvement of the rural human settlement environment, and the theoretical analysis of the related problems. The third part is the present situation of the rural human settlement environment in China, including the present situation of the rural human settlement environment and the current existence of the rural human settlement environment. The fourth part is to discuss and summarize the experience of the domestic and foreign rural human settlement environment improvement action. The fifth part is the policy suggestion of the article, from emphasizing scientific understanding, increasing publicity and guidance, improving the mechanism and orderly promoting the improvement of the rural living environment. The improvement work of the village living environment is divided into three stages. The first stage is the cleaning stage of the stock problem under the government led, the emphasis is on the cleaning of the stock and the control of the source of pollution. The second stage is the basic construction phase under the guidance of the government, the government guides the village to build the necessary infrastructure and guides the long effective management mechanism. The third stage is the comprehensive development stage under the leadership of the village residents. The demand for village residents can be satisfied, and the investment is mainly dependent on the self financing of the residents, and the coordination mechanism of various public affairs is complete.

【学位授予单位】：财政部财政科学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F320;F812.8

【参考文献】