中国各省市区秸秆资源管理政策发展述评

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:32

本文选题：秸秆 + 生物质　；参考：《中国农业大学学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：对2003—2015年7月各省市区发布的122份秸秆资源管理政策文件进行综合述评。各省市发布的秸秆管理政策文件数与秸秆产量有关,但并非是正相关关系。对秸秆禁烧管理的政策文件约占省市区所有秸秆政策文件的41%,制订了对责任人和单位严厉的财政处罚措施。为减少焚烧、促进资源循环利用,天津、河北、黑龙江、上海、江西、山东、广东和江苏等地陆续出台了秸秆利用总体规划和相关实施方案;各省市区根据其具体条件,制订了促进秸秆还田、饲料化、发电及生产沼气等多项综合利用鼓励政策;天津、河北、吉林、上海、安徽、河南、重庆和四川对重点推广秸秆利用技术给予较高的财政补贴,不但引导了农民自行开展秸秆综合利用,而且促进了秸秆利用产业化发展。本研究认为,秸秆禁烧的关键不在"禁",而在"用",建议各省市区制订因地制宜的秸秆综合利用规划,总结当前政策实施现状和存在问题,制订更合理而有效的管理政策,促进研发和推广适宜的秸秆综合利用技术。
[Abstract]:A comprehensive review of 122 straw resource management policy documents issued by provinces and municipalities in July 2003-2015 was carried out. The number of straw management policy documents issued by provinces and cities is related to straw yield, but it is not a positive correlation. About 41% of all the straw policy documents on straw prohibition and burning management were made up of the strict financial punishment measures for the responsible persons and units. In order to reduce incineration and promote recycling of resources, Tianjin, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Jiangxi, Shandong, Guangdong and Jiangsu have successively introduced overall plans and related implementation plans for straw utilization. A number of comprehensive utilization and encouragement policies have been formulated to promote straw return to the field, feed production, generation of electricity and production of biogas. Tianjin, Hebei, Jilin, Shanghai, Anhui, Henan, Chongqing and Sichuan provide relatively high financial subsidies for the key promotion of straw utilization technology. It not only leads farmers to develop comprehensive utilization of straw, but also promotes the industrialization of straw utilization. In this study, the key to the prohibition of straw burning is not "ban", but "use". It is suggested that provinces, cities and districts should formulate comprehensive utilization planning of straw according to local conditions, summarize the current policy implementation status and existing problems, and formulate more reasonable and effective management policies. To promote the development and promotion of suitable straw comprehensive utilization technology.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院;国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心;中国农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家能源局能源节约和科技装备司项目(科技司函[2012]32号) 中国大唐集团新能源股份有限公司资助
【分类号】：F323.214

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