农村劳动力转移对中国耕地种植结构的影响

发布时间：2018-04-27 18:22

本文选题：农业 + 土地利用　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：探讨农村劳动力转移对中国耕地种植结构的影响,对快速城镇化背景下耕地种植结构的调整有重要意义。该文基于2014-2015年对中国13个省1 580个农户的大样本调查数据,对影响耕地种植结构的各种因素进行多元回归模型估计,以检验农村劳动力转移对中国耕地种植结构的影响。结果表明:1)在被调查农户中,80.4%的农户种植了粮食作物,户均种植面积达0.84 hm2;37.2%的农户种植了至少1种经济作物,户均种植面积为0.29 hm2。经济作物占总种植面积的比例达到13.77%,在各类经济作物中,种植户数和面积最多的是蔬菜和水果。2)农村劳动力转移降低了农地投资强度和经济作物的种植比例,耕地种植结构随着外出务工地与家庭间的距离而不同。在县内或省外务工的家庭种植经济作物的比例和户均种植面积都较小。3)农户的农业种植和投资行为同时受到土地资源因素、家庭成员特征、社会资本因素以及市场和政策因素的影响。人地矛盾突出地区的农户倾向于种植经济作物,村庄集中灌溉设施的建设对蔬菜种植有正向影响,而对水果种植呈负向影响,地权稳定性对农户在耕地上的地均投资和经济作物种植有显著的正向影响;家庭成员特征对农户的农业种植和投资行为影响较大;社会资本对蔬菜种植具有正向影响,而对水果种植和农地投资强度影响并不显著;由到城市/县城的距离所表征的市场因素对蔬菜和水果种植比例均呈负向影响;土地流转对蔬菜的种植有正向影响,而对水果种植有负向影响,专业合作社对水果种植呈正向影响,但对蔬菜种植影响不显著。该研究可为中国耕地种植结构的优化与调整提供参考。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the influence of rural labor force transfer on cultivated land planting structure in China, which is of great significance to the adjustment of cultivated land planting structure under the background of rapid urbanization. Based on the large sample survey data of 1 580 farmers in 13 provinces in China in 2014-2015, this paper estimates the factors affecting the cultivated land structure in order to test the influence of rural labor force transfer on the cultivated land structure in China. The results showed that 80.4% of the surveyed farmers planted grain crops, and 0.84 hm2n-2% of the households planted at least one kind of cash crop, with an average planting area of 0.29 hm2. Cash crops accounted for 13.77% of the total cultivated area. Among all kinds of cash crops, the largest number of growers and area were vegetables and fruits .2) the transfer of rural labor force reduced the intensity of agricultural land investment and the proportion of cash crops planted. The cultivated land structure varies with the distance between the migrant land and the family. The proportion of cash crops planted by families working in counties or provinces and the average planting area of households are smaller. 3) the agricultural planting and investment behaviors of farmers are simultaneously affected by the factors of land resources and the characteristics of family members. The influence of social capital factors and market and policy factors. Farmers tend to plant cash crops in areas where the contradiction between people and land is prominent. The construction of centralized irrigation facilities in villages has a positive effect on vegetable cultivation, but a negative impact on fruit planting. The stability of land tenure has a significant positive effect on the average investment of farmland and the planting of cash crops; the characteristics of family members have a great influence on the agricultural planting and investment behavior of farmers; social capital has a positive impact on vegetable planting. However, there is no significant effect on fruit planting and farmland investment intensity; the market factors represented by the distance from city to county have negative influence on the proportion of vegetable and fruit planting; the land circulation has a positive effect on vegetable planting. But there was a negative effect on fruit planting and a positive effect on fruit planting in professional cooperative, but no significant effect on vegetable planting. This study can provide a reference for the optimization and adjustment of cultivated land structure in China.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;北京林业大学水土保持国家林业局重点实验室;北京林业大学林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心;农业部规划设计研究院农业发展与投资研究所;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(BLX2013028) 国家自然科学基金项目(41401121)
【分类号】：F326.1;F323.6

【相似文献】