山西省的粮食安全形势与对策

发布时间：2018-05-12 23:34

本文选题：粮食生产 + 粮食流通　；参考：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：粮食安全问题是一个全球性的问题。对人口数量庞大的中国来说,粮食安全问题关乎着国家的安危、经济的发展和社会的稳定。山西是我国粮食的主销区,同时在粮食流通领域占有重要的地位,因此山西省的粮食安全状况不仅关系到自身经济发展、地区稳定、民生质量等各个方面,更在全国粮食安全保障体系中占有不可忽视的战略地位。本文在深入透视和解析国内外关于粮食安全概念及内涵的基础之上,从粮食生产到流通到消费的三个环环相扣的动态体系中,分析每一环节中对整体食品安全造成负面影响甚至造成威胁的因素。本文以客观视角,在大量考察近些年来山西省粮食供求数据的基础上,运用粮食自给率、口粮自给率、人均粮食占有量、粮食价格水平和粮食仓储水平五个指标,对山西省粮食安全现状进行综合分析。当前山西省粮食安全形势向好,连续五年粮食获得丰收,粮食价格平稳,粮食库存储备充足,但由于受到自然禀赋制约,粮食需求量刚性增加,粮食的产消缺口将长期存在并有扩大的趋势,山西省粮食的安全形势不容乐观。粮食生产方面产不足需、粮食存在结构性失衡和地区性失衡、农民种粮积极性较差、粮食对外依存度很高；粮食流通方式滞后、仓储化水平低以及产业化发展滞后制约了山西省粮食流通的发展；在生产、收储、加工和消费方面存在的粮食质量安全隐患以及缺乏正确健康的粮食观念,对粮食消费环节的安全构成威胁。通过以上指标的综合性分析,明确阐述山西省在粮食安全方面存在的问题,并针对问题提出一整套的解决方案。粮食生产方面,以加大粮食生产效能为突破口,增强自给水平；建立粮食产销衔接机制,保证市场供需平衡；加强完善粮食收购,保护农民利益；抓好市场调控,提高应急能力。流通方面,借力物流产业蓬勃的发展,同时加大仓储力度,运输储存双管齐下,达到开源节流的良好效果。在粮食消费方面,加强监督管理,维护粮食质量安全；合理引导消费观念,杜绝粮食浪费现象的发生。
[Abstract]:Food security is a global problem. For China with a large population, food security is a matter of national safety, economic development and social stability. Shanxi is the main selling area of grain in our country and plays an important role in the field of grain circulation at the same time. Therefore, the situation of food security in Shanxi is not only related to its own economic development, regional stability, quality of people's livelihood and so on. More in the national food security system occupies a strategic position that can not be ignored. On the basis of thorough analysis of the concept and connotation of food security at home and abroad, this paper discusses three interlocking dynamic systems from grain production to circulation to consumption. Analysis of each link of the overall food safety has a negative impact or even a threat to the factors. Based on a large number of data of grain supply and demand in Shanxi Province in recent years, this paper, from an objective perspective, applies five indicators, namely, the self-sufficiency rate of grain, the self-sufficiency rate of rations, the amount of grain per capita, the level of grain prices and the level of grain storage. The present situation of grain security in Shanxi Province is comprehensively analyzed. The current situation of grain security in Shanxi Province is improving, with a grain harvest for five consecutive years, stable grain prices, adequate grain stocks and reserves, but due to natural endowment constraints, the demand for grain has increased rigidly. The gap of grain production and consumption will exist for a long time and has a trend of expansion. The situation of grain security in Shanxi Province is not optimistic. In terms of grain production, there are insufficient production needs, structural and regional imbalances in grain production, poor enthusiasm among farmers for grain planting, high degree of dependence on grain from abroad, and lagging behind in grain circulation mode. The low level of warehousing and the backward development of industrialization restrict the development of grain circulation in Shanxi Province, the hidden dangers of grain quality safety in production, storage, processing and consumption, and the lack of correct and healthy food concept, It is a threat to the safety of grain consumption. Through the comprehensive analysis of the above indexes, the problems existing in food security in Shanxi Province are expounded, and a set of solutions to the problems are put forward. With regard to grain production, we should make greater efficiency in grain production as a breakthrough point, enhance our self-sufficiency level, establish a grain production and marketing linkage mechanism to ensure a balance between supply and demand in the market, strengthen the improvement of grain acquisition, protect the interests of farmers, and do a good job in market regulation and control. Improve emergency response capacity. In the aspect of circulation, the development of logistics industry is vigorous, and the storage and transportation are combined together to achieve the good effect of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure. In the aspect of grain consumption, we should strengthen supervision and management, maintain grain quality and safety, reasonably guide the concept of consumption, and put an end to the phenomenon of grain waste.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11

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