食品安全视角下的社区支持农业（CSA）发展对策探析

发布时间：2018-05-24 17:30

本文选题：食品安全 + 社区支持农业　；参考：《烟台大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社区支持农业(CSA)是指以社区居民的支持为基础,农产品生产者按照社区居民的需求,采取生态有机的生产方式产出绿色安全的农产品,并将之配送至社区居民家中。以需求层次理论、农业多功能理论、农业可持续发展理论等为基础,社区支持农业作为一种新型经营模式和生产组织形式,在经济稳步推进的过程中,满足了社区居民对健康、安全、绿色农产品更加迫切的需求。日本、美国、欧洲和中国等几个国家社区支持农业的发展无不如此,只是各自的经营模式各具特色。中国社区支持农业的典型代表包括:以北京小毛驴市民农园为代表的预定型CSA、以广东惠州四季分享农场为代表的众筹型CSA、以无锡天蓝地绿生态农场为代表的认种型CSA。CSA在食品安全保障机制上独具特色,即通过社区生产机制、社区支持机制、社区参与机制、社区对接机制和社区监督机制的相互配合,从生产到流通全过程保障食品安全健康。以烟台市清谷田园CSA农场为例,该农场从2007年设立以来,会员数量每年增长速度超过10%,目前已达900余户,年营业额500余万元,其发展速度远超过一般农业增长速度。该农场的成功经验在于:传统的生产方式保障农产品的生产安全,快捷的配送系统保持食品的新鲜及时,多样化的经营创新适应顾客个性化需求,填补市场空白为顾客创造价值。通过对该农场200名顾客的调研发现,该农场的顾客以中青年、高学历和中高收入群体为主,顾客期望最高的因素是农产品的健康、卫生状况以及新鲜程度,顾客对于该农场评价满意度最高的因素也是农产品的健康、卫生状况和新鲜程度,这就是该农场深受顾客欢迎的主要原因。发展CSA需要克服多方面的问题,包括生产者自身的生产体系、营销体系的不完善以及消费者对于CSA存在的认知误区。解决以上这些问题,应从生产者和消费者两个方面作为着力点,着重提高生产者的素质和产品质量,从而提升消费者的信任,但不应该仅局限于这两个方面,还可以通过政府的政策扶植和社会的舆论支持,实现CSA的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Community support Agriculture (CSAA) is based on the support of community residents. According to the needs of community residents, producers of agricultural products produce green and safe agricultural products in an ecological and organic way and distribute them to the homes of community residents. Based on the theory of hierarchy of demand, the theory of multi-function agriculture and the theory of sustainable development of agriculture, the community supports agriculture as a new mode of operation and production organization. In the process of steady economic advancement, it satisfies the health of the community residents. Safety, green agricultural products more urgent needs. Communities in Japan, the United States, Europe and China support the development of agriculture, but their business models have their own characteristics. Typical examples of Chinese community support for agriculture include: pre-finalized CSAs, represented by Beijing Little Donkey Citizen Farm, crowdfunding CSAs, represented by four Seasons sharing Farm in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, and identification of species, represented by Wuxi Tianlandi Green Ecological Farm. Type A CSA.CSA has its own characteristics in the food safety guarantee mechanism. That is, through the cooperation of community production mechanism, community support mechanism, community participation mechanism, community docking mechanism and community supervision mechanism, the whole process from production to circulation ensures food safety and health. Taking Qinggu Pastoral CSA Farm in Yantai City as an example, the number of members has increased by more than 10% per year since its establishment in 2007. At present, there are more than 900 households with annual turnover of more than 5 million yuan, and its development rate is far higher than that of ordinary agriculture. The successful experience of the farm lies in the following aspects: the traditional mode of production ensures the production safety of agricultural products, the fast distribution system keeps the food fresh and timely, the diversified management innovation adapts to the individual needs of the customers. Fill the gap in the market to create value for customers. A survey of 200 customers on the farm showed that the farm's customers were mainly young and middle-aged, highly educated and high-income groups. The highest expectations of customers were the health, hygiene and freshness of agricultural products. The highest satisfaction of customers with the farm is also due to the health, hygiene and freshness of the farm, which is the main reason why the farm is popular with customers. To develop CSA, we need to overcome many problems, including producers' own production system, imperfect marketing system and consumers' misunderstanding of CSA. To solve these problems, we should focus on improving the quality of producers and the quality of products, so as to enhance the trust of consumers, but not only in these two areas. The sustainable development of CSA can be realized through the support of government policy and public opinion.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.6

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