基于GIS的宣汉县高标准农田建设研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 16:05

本文选题：高标准农田 + 时空布局　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着粮食安全问题的日益突出,和农业现代化进程的快速推进,国家对耕地的质量和数量愈发重视,不论是以往的土地整理还是现在的高标准农田建设,均对我国粮食安全和农业生产条件现代化的改善有着重要意义;目前国内对于高标准农田建设的研究主要是多以研究具体建设方式为主,而对于GIS在高标准农田建设选址及时空布局上的研究相对较少,本文主要以GIS技术为手段,对宣汉县高标准农田建设选址、空间分布、建设时序及建设模式进行研究,研究结果有助于研究区主管高标准农田建设的部门能准确、直观的知晓本研究区适宜建设高标准农田的区域和本地区高标准农田的建设模式,同时也为类似于宣汉地形地区即丘陵山地地区的以GIS为主要手段的高标准农田建设提供了参考,所以具有很高的实用性价值和理论价值。本文首先从高标准农田的内涵出发,结合宣汉县实际情况,选取出土壤条件、地形条件、气候条件、基础设施条件等自然质量评价因子,以GIS技术为主要工具,借助其强大的空间分析能力,以栅格运算和空间插值为计算方法对宣汉县高标准农田建设选址进行了模型的构建,同时从发展的眼光,以多规合一为主要手法,筛选出综合区位条件和政府决策两个外部修正因子,将选址模型进行修正得到最终的宣汉县高标准农田选址的空间布局;然后将GIS分析出来的高标准农田空间布局按得分高低,同时结合农业、国土等相关部门十三五规划及相关规划,以多规合一的角度考虑,得出研究区域的高标准农田建设时序;最后将高标准农田建设选址模型运用SPSS软件对障碍因子进行分析,其中主要运用了层次聚类法,通过分析得出的最大可改造的障碍因子,即得出宣汉县各区域高标准农田建设的模式。通过研究得出以下结果:(1)宣汉除去在“十二五”时期已建成的高标准农田区域,“十三五”期间高标准农田建设区域重点分布在七里乡、天生镇、柏树镇、渡口乡、樊哙镇、漆树乡、厂溪乡、华景镇、南坝镇、双河镇、柳池乡、清溪镇、芭蕉镇、下八乡、白马乡等乡镇,总规模约为24000hm2;(2)近期高标准农田建设主要分布在:巴山大峡谷景区、县域南部及县域中西部,总面积为10251.1hm2,占高标准农田建设规模的42.54%。中期建设主要分布在“三河、一路”沿线,即前河、中河、后河、国道210沿线,总面积为7439.57hm2,占高标准农田建设规模的30.87%。后期安排:主要是剩余的高标准农田区域,该区域主要包括的乡镇有:峰城镇、厂溪镇、塔河乡、柳池乡、红岭乡、明月乡、凉风乡、新华镇、石铁乡等乡镇区域。总面积为6405.12hm2,占高标准农田建设规模的26.58%。(3)建设模式主要有:坡度整治工程型、生态改善工程型和基础设施完善工程型。基础设施完善工程型包括柏树镇、七里乡、天生镇东部,以及前河与后河所流经的柳池乡、清溪镇、三河乡、黄石乡、下八乡等,面积为14187.19hm2,占已确定进行高标准农田建设区域面积的38.44%;坡度整治工程类型主要分布在宣汉县中部和西部,主要包括西部的庆云乡、隘口乡和马渡乡,中部的厂溪乡、黄金镇、南坪乡、白马乡、观山乡、峰城镇桃花香,东部区域的茶河乡、塔河乡,以及州河流域的明月乡、红岭乡、君瑭镇东林乡、庙安乡、天宝乡和天生镇西部,面积为12077.88hm2,占高标准农田布局区域面积的32.73%;农田生态改善工程类型主要分布在宣汉县西部的花池乡、胡家镇、普光镇、土主乡、双河镇、大成镇;东南部的芭蕉镇、凉风乡、上峡乡,以及前河流域的天台乡、五宝镇、华景镇、土黄镇樊哙镇,面积为10641.20hm2,占高标准农田布局区域面积的28.83%。
[Abstract]:With the increasing prominence of the problem of grain security and the rapid advancement of the process of agricultural modernization, the state has paid more attention to the quality and quantity of cultivated land. Whether it is the former land consolidation or the present high standard farmland construction, it is of great significance to the improvement of the grain safety and the modernization of the agricultural production conditions in China. The research on the construction of quasi farmland is mainly based on the study of concrete construction methods, and the research on the location of the high standard farmland construction and the spatial and temporal layout of GIS is relatively few. This paper mainly studies the site selection, spatial distribution, time series and construction mode of high standard farmland construction in Xuanhan county with GIS technology as a means. The Department in charge of high standard farmland construction in the research area can accurately and intuitively know the construction mode of high standard farmland suitable for building high standard farmland in this research area, and also provides reference for the construction of high standard farmland, which is similar to the terrain of Xuanhan, that is, hilly and hilly areas, with GIS as the main means. It is of high practical value and theoretical value. First of all, starting from the connotation of high standard farmland and combining the actual situation of Xuanhan County, the natural quality evaluation factors such as soil conditions, terrain conditions, climate conditions and infrastructure conditions are taken out, and the GIS technology is the main tool, with the aid of its powerful spatial analysis ability, the grid operation and space are used. The method of interpolation is used to construct the model of high standard farmland construction site selection in Xuanhan county. At the same time, from the perspective of development, the comprehensive location conditions and two external correction factors of government decision are selected, and the location model is modified to get the final spatial layout of the high standard farmland location in Xuanhan county. Then, the high standard farmland spatial layout analyzed by GIS is based on the high and low score. At the same time, combined with the planning and related planning of agriculture, land and other related departments in 13th Five-Year and related planning, the high standard farmland construction time sequence is obtained in the study area. Finally, the high standard farmland construction location model is applied to the obstacle factors by the SPSS software. In line analysis, it mainly uses the hierarchical clustering method, through the analysis of the greatest possible obstacle factors, that is, the model of high standard farmland construction in various regions of Xuanhan county. Through the study, the following results are obtained: (1) Xuanhan has removed the high standard farmland area built in the "12th Five-Year" period, and the high standard farmland during the "13th Five-Year" period. The construction area is mainly distributed in seven Li Township, natural Town, cypress, ferry Township, lacquer Town, lacquer Town, Changxi Township, Hua Jing Town, Nanba Town, Shuanghe Town, Liu Chi Township, Qingxi Town, Baima Town, the next eight townships, Baima Township and other towns, with a total scale of about 24000hm2; (2) the recent high standard farmland construction is mainly distributed in the Bashan Grand Canyon Scenic Area, county south and county of the county and county area. The central and western areas, with a total area of 10251.1hm2, are mainly distributed along the "three rivers, one road" in the middle period of the high standard farmland construction, that is, the front River, the middle river, the back River and the National Road along the 210 line, with a total area of 7439.57hm2, which accounts for the late 30.87%. arrangement of the high standard farmland construction scale: mainly the remaining high standard farmland areas, the main area of the area, the region is mainly the region. The villages and towns include: peak Town, Factory Creek Town, pagoda Township, Liu Chi Township, Mingyue Township, Mingyue Township, cool wind Township, Xinhua Town, Shi iron Township, and other township areas. The total area is 6405.12hm2, and the 26.58%. (3) construction model of high standard farmland construction mainly includes the slope regulation engineering, the ecological improvement engineering type and the infrastructure perfect engineering type. The perfect engineering types include the cypress Town, seven Li Township, the eastern town of natural Town, the Liu Chi Township, Qingxi Town, Three River Township, Huangshi Township, and the next eight townships, the area of which is 14187.19hm2, accounting for 38.44% of the area of high standard farmland construction, and the main types of slope adjustment projects are mainly in the middle and west of Xuanhan county. Including the western Qingyun Township, pass Township and Ma Du Village, Golden Town, Nanping Township, Baima Township, Guan Shan township, peak Town Peach Blossom fragrance, tea River Township in the eastern region, Tai River Township, Mingyue Township in the prefecture River Basin, Hong Ling Township, Jun Zhen Dong Lin Xiang, temple Anxiang, Tianbao Township and natural town of Tianbao, the area is 12077.88hm2, accounting for the high standard agricultural field cloth. The area of local area is 32.73%, and the types of farmland ecological improvement are mainly distributed in Huchi Township, Hujia Town, Puguang Town, Puguang Town, Dacheng Town, Shuanghe Town, Dacheng Town, southeastern banana Town, Liang Feng Township, Shanxia Township, Tiantai township of the former river basin, Wu Bao Town, Huacheng Town, and the town of 10641.20hm2, the area of high standard farmland. 28.83%. of the area of the layout area
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208;F323.211

【参考文献】