基于DNA条形码技术的中药材溯源系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 09:38

本文选题：中药材 + 溯源　；参考：《北京协和医学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中药材是中医药和大健康产业发展的物质基础,中药材市场流通过程存在较多问题,传统中药材市场产品单一、交易方式落后,以次充好、以假充真问题严重；流通环节囤积居奇、恶意炒作事件屡屡出现,部分药材价格波动剧烈,市场信息扭曲失真；而新兴中药材电子商务刚刚起步,缺乏交易规范和标准；另外,中药材生产经营的信息化网络建设滞后。因此,急需建立中药材从种植(养殖)、加工、收购、储存、运输、销售到使用全过程可溯源体系,实现来源可查、去向可追、责任可究,从而有效保障中药材的用药安全。本研究基于DNA条形码和二维码、LAMP (Linux+Apache+My SQL+PHP)系统等技术,构建了基于DNA条形码的中药材信息溯源系统。具体内容如下：(1)首先,针对中药材流通源头——种子/种苗进行DNA条形码鉴定,以确保流通过程中种质资源的正确性。DNA提取是DNA条形码鉴定方法的关键步骤之一。本研究针对油脂含量高、个体较小、具有坚硬或厚外壳等类型的种子进行了DNA提取方法的优化。优化后,可以稳定快速得到高纯度DNA。共获得20科26属37种290条中药材种子种苗DNA条形码序列,其中有259条ITS2序列,31条psbA-trnH序列。(2)其次,对中药材流通末端——市场药材进行DNA条形码鉴定验证。本研究从不同的药材类型入手,选取了根茎类药材(三七、独活)、叶片类药材(冬凌草)以及真菌类药材(灵芝)作为研究对象,对其在中药材市场中常见的药材类型(如生药、粉末等)进行DNA条形码鉴定研究。由于某些市售药材已经过炮制加工处理,DNA可能已经降解,增加了DNA提取和PCR扩增的困难,因此对于各种不同类型的药材进行了实验方法的优化。(3)搭建了包括DNA条形码信息在内的从种子/种苗→种植基地栽培→生产加工→经销的中药材流通过程的信息记录和追溯功能的中药材溯源系统。此系统基于LAMP平台构建而成,以二维码图片作为信息传递载体,以BLAST方法作DNA条形码序列鉴定工具。此中药材溯源系统可提供中药材流通信息记录和追溯的功能,为中药材行业中溯源系统的构建提供相应参考。该系统主要有以下功能：1)中药材种子/种苗提供商可以通过该系统提交种子/种苗DNA条形码信息,该信息有利于监督管理部门对中药材真伪进行管理；2)消费者可以通过该系统追溯中药材商品的生产厂家、原料来源、种植基地的种植时间、农药化肥使用等情况；3)生产加工企业可以通过该系统追溯中药材原料的种植过程信息,依据原料的种植情况对原料进行选择,保证产品质量。
[Abstract]:Chinese herbal medicine is the material basis of the development of traditional Chinese medicine and great health industry. There are many problems in the circulation process of traditional Chinese medicine market. Hoarding and hoarding in circulation links, malicious speculation, violent fluctuations in the prices of some medicinal materials and distorted market information; while e-commerce of new Chinese medicinal materials has just started and lacks trade norms and standards; in addition, The information network construction of production and management of Chinese medicinal materials lags behind. Therefore, it is urgent to establish the traceability system from cultivation (cultivation, processing, purchase, storage, transportation and sale) to the use of the whole process of traditional Chinese medicine, so that the source can be traced, the direction can be traced, and the responsibility can be investigated, so as to effectively guarantee the safety of the use of Chinese medicinal materials. Based on DNA bar code and QR code / lamp Apache My SQL PHP) system, the information traceability system of Chinese herbal medicine based on DNA bar code is constructed. The main contents are as follows: (1) first of all, the identification of DNA bar code for seed / seedling, which is the source of circulation of Chinese medicinal materials, is one of the key steps in the identification of DNA bar code to ensure the correctness of germplasm resources in circulation. In this study, DNA extraction methods were optimized for seeds with high oil content, small individual and hard or thick shell. After optimization, high purity DNA can be obtained stably and quickly. The DNA barcode sequences of seed seedlings of Chinese medicinal materials belonging to 20 families, 26 genera and 37 species were obtained. Among them, there were 259 ITS2 sequences and 31 psbA-trnH sequences. Secondly, DNA bar code was used to identify the end of circulation of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. In this study, we selected rhizome medicinal materials (Panax notoginseng, Radix Notoginseng), leaf medicinal materials (oridox) and fungi medicinal materials (Ganoderma lucidum) as the research objects. The DNA bar code was used to identify the common types of medicinal materials (such as raw medicine, powder, etc.) in the Chinese herbal medicine market. Because some commercial herbs have been processed and processed, the DNA may have been degraded, which increases the difficulty of DNA extraction and PCR amplification. Therefore, we have optimized the experimental methods for different types of medicinal materials. Y3) We have built the information of the circulation process of Chinese medicinal materials produced and processed from the seed / seedling planting base, including the information of DNA bar code. A traceability system for recording and tracing Chinese medicinal materials. The system is based on the LAMP platform. It takes the two-dimensional code picture as the information transfer carrier and the BLAST method as the DNA barcode sequence identification tool. This traceability system can provide the function of information recording and tracing in circulation of Chinese medicinal materials, and provide reference for the construction of traceability system in Chinese herbal medicine industry. The system mainly has the following function: 1) the seed / seedling provider of Chinese herbal medicine can submit DNA barcode information of seed / seedling through this system. This information is conducive to the supervision and management of the authenticity of Chinese medicinal materials by the regulatory authorities. Consumers can trace through the system the time of planting of the manufacturers, the source of raw materials, and the planting base of Chinese medicinal materials. The production and processing enterprises can trace back the information of the planting process of the raw materials of Chinese medicinal materials and select the raw materials according to the planting conditions of the raw materials to ensure the quality of the products.
【学位授予单位】：北京协和医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.12;Q943

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