上海市农户规模经营意愿的影响因素与适度规模值研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 18:14

本文选题：农地流转 + 规模经营意愿　；参考：《上海师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：党的十八大报告以文字形式呈现出我国应构建集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化“四化”结合的新型农业经营体系;十八届三中全会进一步在农业建设诸多方面提出了突破性举措,例如,赋予农民更多财产权利、推动城乡要素平等交换、促进公共资源均衡配置、完善健康的城镇化发展体制机制和构建新型农业经营体系等;2014年的中央1号文件再次全方位多层次地细化了如何构建新型农业经营体系。上海经济的发展处在中国经济的前沿,更应该重视经济发展的薄弱环节——农业经济。因此本文以马克思地租理论、可持续发展理论、农业规模经营理论、产权理论、委托——代理理论和生产函数理论等为理论基础,以上海市9个涉农区县农户的农地经营情况为研究对象,进行农户规模经营意愿和适度经营规模的研究。首先,本文对国内外的农地规模经营相关研究进行了系统的学习和梳理。国内外学者、专家对农地规模经营进行的大量的研究中,理论模型、内涵、规模经营模式、适度规模经营、实现条件、影响因素和效率机制等方面都取得了一定的成果。但仍存在如下不足之处:一是,宏观的研究太过抽象,并不具有各个不同小区域的适用性,根据不同地区的客观实际情况、经济发展水平、城市化程度和农机化程度等具体情况,进行较小范围内的个别研究更加具有指导意义。二是,理论研究、规范研究相对较多,实证研究所选取的变量多为微观变量,比如务农者自身素质、家庭收入状况和家庭劳动力数量等反映家庭内部特征的变量,而很少从微观变量、中观变量和宏观变量相结合的角度入手进行研究。三是鲜有专家、学者将影响因素与适度规模值相结合,对农地规模经营进行系统化、全面的实证研究。然后,本文对上海市郊区农地规模经营现状进行了分析。主要分为四个方面:一是对农地经营相关的三次大的变革进行了概述和利弊分析;二是对上海市农地经营的总体现状进行了总结分析;三是对上海市典型的家庭农场、农业合作社和农业企业三种经营形式进行了案例分析;四是从上海市农地规模经营的现状中,分析并找出了郊区农地规模经营中存在的诸多问题,以期找到解决方法。接下来,本文对上海市农户的农地规模经营意愿的影响因素和适度经营规模进行了理论和实证分析,并得出相关结论。分析并找出了农户农地规模经营意愿的可能影响因素,懫用实地调研获取的上海市郊区农地经营相关数据,对与郊区农户的规模经营意愿可能相关的15个包括微观因素、中观因素和宏观因素在内的影响因子进行了实证分析,找出了具有显著性的影响因子,以及具有显著性影响因子对规模经营意愿的影响程度;也以户均纯收入最大化为目标,对农地、资本、劳动力投入情况进行了实证分析,并测算出上海市郊区农户家庭的农地适度经营规模。通过研究发现:雇佣务农人员充裕度、家庭农地经营面积、农业金融制度完善程度、农民社会地位和务农风险都会对农户的农地规模经营意愿造成显著影响,上海市农地的适度经营面积为628亩/户。最后,针对上海市郊区土地禀赋、经济发展水平、农机农资投入状况等客观情况和本文的研究结论,提出了切实可行的政策建议:一是上海市农地规模经营的推进速度和经营方式应鼓励因地制宜;二是上海应以开放包容的心态推进农地规模经营;三是进一步推进农村剩余劳动力的转移,增加户均(劳均)耕地面积;四是切实解决好农业大户、农业合作社和农业企业等融资难的问题;五是切实提高农民的综合素质,提升农民的社会地位;六是建立适当的市场化服务平台,切实解决务农风险;七是恰当的引导农民开展适度规模经营。
[Abstract]:The eighteen major reports of the party show that our country should construct a new agricultural management system with intensive, specialized, organized and socialized "four modernizations" in the form of text. In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, a breakthrough was put forward in many aspects of agricultural construction, for example, giving farmers more property rights, promoting the equal exchange of urban and rural elements, promoting the equal exchange of urban and rural elements, and promoting the equal exchange of urban and rural elements, The balanced allocation of public resources, the improvement of the healthy urbanization development system and the construction of a new agricultural management system, the central 1 document in 2014 has once again fully detailed how to build a new agricultural management system. The economic development of Shanghai is in the front of China's economy, and more attention should be paid to the weak links of economic development. Based on Marx's land rent theory, the theory of sustainable development, the theory of agricultural scale management, the theory of property rights, the principal-agent theory and the theory of production function, this paper takes the farming land management of the farmers in the 9 agricultural areas and counties of Shanghai as the research object, and carries out the farmers' willingness to operate in scale and the appropriate management rules. First, this paper systematically studies and combs the related research on the scale management of agricultural land at home and abroad. Scholars at home and abroad have made a great deal of research on the scale management of agricultural land, the theoretical model, the connotation, the scale management model, the moderate scale management, the realization conditions, the influence factors and the efficiency mechanism. But there are still shortcomings as follows: first, the macro research is too abstract and does not have the applicability of different small regions. According to the objective actual situation in different regions, the level of economic development, the degree of urbanization and the degree of agricultural mechanization, the individual research within a small scope is more instructive. Two There are more theoretical research and more normative research. Most of the variables selected in the empirical study are microvariables, such as the quality of the farmers themselves, the family income and the number of family labor, which reflect the internal characteristics of the family, but rarely study from the perspective of the combination of microvariables, meso variables and macro variables. Three Experts and scholars combine the influence factors with the appropriate scale, systematize the scale management of agricultural land and make a comprehensive empirical study. Then, this paper analyzes the current situation of the scale management of rural land in the suburbs of Shanghai. The main points are divided into four aspects: first, the three major changes related to agricultural land management are summarized and the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed; two The overall situation of agricultural land management in Shanghai is summarized and analyzed; three is the case analysis of three typical family farms, agricultural cooperatives and agricultural enterprises in Shanghai city; four, from the current situation of the agricultural land scale management in Shanghai, it analyses and finds out many problems in the scale management of the Suburban Farmland, in order to find out the solution. Then, this paper makes a theoretical and Empirical Analysis on the influencing factors and the proper management scale of the farmers' land scale management will in Shanghai, and draws the relevant conclusions. 15 related factors, including micro factors, meso factors and macro factors, which may be related to the size of the farmers' willingness to operate in the suburbs, have been analyzed to find out the significant influencing factors and the impact of the significant influencing factors on the willingness of scale management, as well as the goal of maximizing the average income of the average household. An empirical analysis of agricultural land, capital and labor input was carried out, and the appropriate scale of farm land management was measured in the suburb of Shanghai. Through the study, it was found that the adequacy of the farm workers, the management area of the farm land, the perfection of the agricultural financial system, the farmers' social status and the agricultural risks would all operate on the farm land scale of the farmers. The appropriate management area of the rural land in Shanghai is 628 mu per household. Finally, according to the objective situation of the land endowment in the suburbs of Shanghai, the level of economic development, the situation of agricultural machinery and agricultural investment, and the conclusions of this paper, the practical and feasible policy suggestions are put forward: the first is the speed and management mode of the scale management of the agricultural land in Shanghai. Should be encouraged according to local conditions; two, Shanghai should promote the scale management of agricultural land with an open and inclusive mentality; three is to further promote the transfer of surplus rural labor, increase the area of household (Lao Jun) cultivated land; four is a practical solution to the problems of large agricultural households, agricultural cooperatives and agricultural enterprises and other financial difficulties; five is to improve the comprehensive quality of farmers, To enhance the social status of farmers, six is to establish an appropriate market service platform to effectively solve the risks of farming, and the seven is to properly guide farmers to carry out moderate scale operation.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F325

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