当前农村集体经济发展面临的困境及其对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 10:01

本文选题：农村集体经济 + 历史进程　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村集体经济作为社会主义公有制经济重要组成部分,体现了社会主义体制下共同富裕的根本原则,是中国特色社会主义制度在农村的重要经济基础。建国以来,农村集体经济为我国农业生产和工业发展做出了重要贡献,为实现共同富裕目标和农业现代化发展奠定了重要物质基础。在社会主义市场经济体制不断完善的情况下,随着农村集体经济改革的不断深入发展和市场需求的变化,农村集体经济自身存在的基础薄弱、产权不清、成员界定模糊、管理不善等问题逐渐暴漏出来,再加上法律法规不健全、人才技术缺乏、市场竞争激烈等外部因素,同时,社会上还流行着“集体经济无用论”、“集体经济过时论”等错误观念,导致农村集体经济发展面临着诸多困难。当前,我国大部分行政村集体经济发展处于停滞不前的状态,甚至有的地方完全没有集体经济,使得集体经济无法有效发挥自身作用。农业、农村、农民问题一直是党和国家关注的重大问题,近年来的中央一号文件都是关于“三农”。针对当前农村集体经济发展的现状,十八大报告中提出了“坚持和完善农村基本经营制度,依法维护农民土地承包经营权、宅基地使用权、集体收益分配权,壮大集体经济实力,发展农民专业合作和股份合作,培育新型经营主体,发展多种形式规模经营,构建集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系。”的要求。本文以十八大精神为指导,以推进农村集体经济发展为目标,在宏观分析当前农村集体经济发展面临困境基础上分析其问题存在原因及制约因素,并在此基础上提出针对性建议。本论文主要由以下五部分组成:第一部分,首先分析了发展农村集体经济的依据和动因。本部分阐述了农村集体经济的概念,分析了当前社会主义市场经济体制下几种新型的集体经济组织和发展农村集体经济的现实必要性。第二部分,通过论述农业合作化时期、人民公社化时期以及改革开放后农村集体经济发展新时期三个部分,阐述了我国农村集体经济发展的历史进程。第三部分,从宏观角度阐述了当前我国农村集体经济发展的现状,肯定了农村集体经济取得的成绩,同时也分析了发展农村集体经济面临的产权不清、管理不善等困境以及制约农村集体经济发展的因素。第四部分,此部分根据农村集体经济发展的制约因素提出了针对性建议和措施,以期起到促进农村集体经济发展的作用。第五部分,结语部分是对全文的概括总结。
[Abstract]:As an important part of socialist public ownership economy, rural collective economy embodies the fundamental principle of common prosperity under socialist system, and is the important economic base of socialist system with Chinese characteristics in rural areas. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rural collective economy has made important contributions to the agricultural production and industrial development of our country, and has laid an important material foundation for the realization of the goal of common prosperity and the development of agricultural modernization. With the continuous improvement of the socialist market economic system, with the deepening development of the rural collective economy reform and the change of the market demand, the foundation of the rural collective economy itself is weak, the property right is not clear, and the definition of the members is vague. Problems such as mismanagement have gradually leaked out, coupled with external factors such as imperfect laws and regulations, lack of talent and technology, fierce market competition, and so on. At the same time, "the theory of the uselessness of collective economy" is still popular in society. The misconception of "the outdated theory of collective economy" leads to many difficulties in the development of rural collective economy. At present, the development of the collective economy in most administrative villages in our country is in a state of stagnation, even in some places there is no collective economy at all, which makes the collective economy unable to play its role effectively. Agriculture, rural areas and farmers have always been a major concern of the Party and the state. In recent years, the first document of the Central Committee is all about agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In view of the current situation of the development of rural collective economy, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "adhere to and improve the basic management system in rural areas, safeguard the rights of farmers to contract and manage their land according to law, the right to use homestead, and the right to distribute collective income," Strengthen the strength of the collective economy, develop professional cooperation and share cooperation among farmers, cultivate new types of business subjects, develop diversified forms of scale operation, and build a new agricultural management system that combines intensive, specialized, organized and socialized operations. " The requirements of the Guided by the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this paper aims at promoting the development of rural collective economy, and analyzes the causes and restrictive factors of its problems on the basis of macroscopical analysis of the difficulties facing the development of rural collective economy at present. And on this basis, put forward targeted recommendations. This paper consists of the following five parts: the first part analyzes the basis and motivation of the development of rural collective economy. This part expounds the concept of rural collective economy, analyzes several new types of collective economic organizations under the current socialist market economy system and the realistic necessity of developing rural collective economy. The second part expounds the historical process of the development of rural collective economy in China by discussing three parts: the period of agricultural cooperation, the period of people's commune and the new period of the development of rural collective economy after the reform and opening up. The third part, from the macroscopic angle, expounds the present situation of the rural collective economy development in our country, affirms the achievements of the rural collective economy, and analyzes the unclear property rights faced by the development of the rural collective economy. Poor management and other difficulties and constraints on rural collective economic development factors. In the fourth part, according to the restrictive factors of rural collective economy, the author puts forward some suggestions and measures to promote the development of rural collective economy. The fifth part, the conclusion part is the summary of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.32

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