保护性耕作技术、种植制度与土地生产率——来自黄土高原农户的证据

发布时间：2018-06-11 19:52

本文选题：保护性耕作技术 + 土地生产率　；参考：《资源科学》2017年07期

【摘要】：经济效益是农户采纳保护性耕作技术的关键。本文基于黄土高原小麦玉米种植户的调查,采用扩展的C-D函数模型和多元回归模型分析了不同种植制度下农户保护性耕作技术采用对土地生产率的影响。研究发现:(1)保护性耕作技术对作物产量有显著的正向影响,但其作用的发挥具有缓释性;保护性耕作技术对一年两熟制和两年三熟制农户顷均利润有显著的正向作用,在考虑家庭劳动力投入的机会成本后,顷均利润的效果更明显。(2)种子费用、灌溉费用、机械服务费用对作物产量有正向影响,农药除草剂对作物产量的影响取决于其是预防性的还是控制性的。(3)户主的受教育程度对土地生产率有显著的正向作用;在不计家庭劳动力成本的情况下,农业劳动力规模对顷均利润有正向作用;土地经营规模与作物产量呈正相关关系,而土地的细碎化阻碍了农户顷均利润的增加。
[Abstract]:Economic benefit is the key for farmers to adopt conservation tillage technology. Based on the investigation of wheat and maize growers in the Loess Plateau, the effects of conservation tillage techniques on land productivity under different cropping systems were analyzed by using extended C-D function model and multivariate regression model. It was found that conservation tillage had a significant positive effect on crop yield, but its effect was slow release, and conservation tillage had a significant positive effect on the profits of two and three cropping farmers in one year. After considering the opportunity cost of household labor input, the effect of average profit per hectare is more obvious. (2) seed cost, irrigation cost, and mechanical service cost have a positive effect on crop yield. The impact of pesticide herbicides on crop yields depends on whether they are preventive or controlled. 3) the educational level of the head of household has a significant positive effect on land productivity; without taking into account household labour costs, The scale of agricultural labor has a positive effect on the average profit, and the scale of land management has a positive correlation with crop yield, while the fineness of land hinders the increase of average profit of farmers.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院;西北农林科技大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJC630062) 陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目(2016NY-010) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2452016079,2452015454)
【分类号】：F323;F326.1;S34

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