菏泽市农村扶贫问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 07:37

本文选题：农村 + 扶贫　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困现象，在世界普遍存在。我国是农业大国，农村贫困问题一定程度存在。改革开放以来，中国的农村贫困治理得到了长足进步，取得了令世界震惊的成绩。中国式扶贫有中国特色，扶贫的政策、手段相继经过了开发式扶贫、八七扶贫攻坚、综合性农村扶贫开发等阶段，从强调国家的主导性和主动性，逐渐注重发挥农民和第三方组织的参与性。相对于西部偏远地区的农村的整体扶贫，东部经济发达省份、农业生产条件好的农村扶贫问题有其特殊性。相比而言，东部经济发达地区农村贫困的原因更多的是社会、经济等“后天”的因素，而不是自然、气候等“先天”的因素，贫困某种程度上呈现出复杂性、多样性，对东部地区农村的扶贫更应该统筹兼顾，将扶贫与现代农业相结合，通过扶贫激活农业、农村、农民的活力，通过扶贫项目引导农业、农副业、第三产业的融合发展。东部经济发达地区的农村扶贫更加要注重发挥政府、第三方组织、农民的作用，用治理理论指导扶贫实践，为西部扶贫创出经验。菏泽，位于东部经济发达省份，，本身却是欠发达地区，农村贫困问题依然较为严重。本文选取菏泽市为蓝本，在治理的视角下，对该市的农村扶贫问题进行了实地研究，首先从国内外扶贫理论和治理理论来分析，构建扶贫研究的理论基础。其次对菏泽市农村贫困现状进行了概括，对贫困群体、生活特征等方面进行了具体分析，对菏泽市农村扶贫工作现状进行了分析，概括了扶贫过程、成效、具体做法。再次对菏泽市农村扶贫过程中存在的问题及原因进行了分析，结合实际阐释了扶贫中存在的困境，用治理的视角从经济、农业、政府、第三方组织、农民分析了这种困境产生的具体原因。最后，在上述分析的基础上，提出了加快菏泽市农村扶贫进程的对策，具体为加快全市经济发展、大力推进农业现代化进程、发挥政府的主导作用、积极借助第三方组织的力量、发挥农民的能动性。经济的发展在推动工业化、城镇化、农业现代化发展的同时，为政府扶贫提供经济基础，提供了财力支持。农业现代化有利于直接改变农村贫穷落后的面貌，提高农民的生活水平。第三方组织有利于弥补政府扶贫的不足，提高了农村扶贫的针对性、精准性。农民的积极参与则是摆脱贫困的内因和根本动力，农民致富能力的增长，还有利于全面推进农业现代化步伐，释放农村市场活力，加快全市经济发展。
[Abstract]:Poverty is widespread in the world. Our country is agricultural big country, rural poverty problem exists to a certain extent. Since the reform and opening up, China's rural poverty management has made considerable progress, has made shocking achievements in the world. The policies and means of poverty alleviation in China with Chinese characteristics have passed through the stages of development-oriented poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation in 1987, and comprehensive rural poverty alleviation and development. From the emphasis on the leading role and initiative of the state, Gradually focus on the participation of farmers and third-party organizations. Compared with the overall poverty alleviation in the rural areas in the remote areas of the west, the problem of poverty alleviation in the rural areas with good agricultural production conditions has its particularity in the economically developed provinces in the east. In contrast, the causes of rural poverty in the economically developed areas of the eastern region are more the "acquired" factors such as society and economy than the "innate" factors such as nature and climate. To some extent, poverty presents complexity and diversity. It is necessary to integrate poverty alleviation with modern agriculture, activate the vitality of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and guide the integration and development of agriculture, agricultural sideline and tertiary industry through poverty alleviation projects. The rural poverty alleviation in the eastern developed areas should pay more attention to the role of the government, third party organizations and farmers, guide the practice of poverty alleviation with the theory of governance, and create experience for the western poverty alleviation. Heze, located in the eastern developed province, itself is an underdeveloped region, rural poverty is still more serious. This article selects Heze city as the blueprint, under the governance angle of view, has carried on the field research to the urban countryside poverty alleviation question, first from the domestic and foreign poverty alleviation theory and the governance theory analysis, constructs the poverty alleviation research theory foundation. Secondly, it generalizes the present situation of rural poverty in Heze city, analyzes the poverty group, life characteristics and so on, analyzes the present situation of rural poverty alleviation in Heze city, and summarizes the process, effect and concrete methods of poverty alleviation. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the problems and causes in the process of poverty alleviation in Heze City, and explains the difficulties in poverty alleviation from the perspective of governance from the perspective of economy, agriculture, government and third party organizations. The farmer analyzed the concrete reason that this kind of predicament produces. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to speed up the rural poverty alleviation process in Heze City, specifically to speed up the economic development of the whole city, vigorously promote the process of agricultural modernization, and give play to the leading role of the government. Actively with the help of third-party organizations, play the initiative of farmers. Economic development not only promotes industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, but also provides economic foundation and financial support for government poverty alleviation. Agricultural modernization is conducive to directly changing the face of rural poverty and backwardness and improving the living standards of farmers. Third-party organization helps to make up for the deficiency of government poverty alleviation, and improves the pertinence and accuracy of rural poverty alleviation. The active participation of farmers is the internal cause and fundamental motive force to get rid of poverty. The growth of farmers' ability to get rich is also conducive to comprehensively promoting the pace of agricultural modernization, releasing the vitality of the rural market, and speeding up the economic development of the whole city.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.8

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