开放经济条件下中国粮食安全问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 19:41

本文选题：开放经济 + 粮食安全　；参考：《中国青年政治学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化进程的不断加快,国内市场和国际市场的联系日益紧密,粮食安全已不再仅仅是一个国家内部的问题,而是在全球农产品贸易的背景下,如何有效利用国际市场保障国内市场稳定的国家战略问题。在此背景下,对粮食安全问题进行系统分析和研究具有重要意义。本文以中国的粮食安全问题为研究对象,通过理论分析、数据分析和实证分析相结合的方法对中国粮食安全的现状以及中国利用国际市场保障粮食安全的能力和威胁进行研究,提出有利于中国加强粮食安全、促进农业可持续发展的意见。本文从粮食安全的概念和目标出发,分析影响中国粮食安全的重要因素,将粮食自给率、粮食价格波动、粮食储备规模、私人价格与社会价格的偏离程度、粮食进口量占国际贸易量的比重和粮食进口额占外汇储备的比重作为评价粮食安全水平的几项重要指标,进而研究开放经济条件下中国粮食安全问题:首先,本文从粮食安全水平的核心问题、稳定性、经济性等几个方面分析中国粮食安全现状,认为中国目前虽然保持高度自给,粮食安全水平相对较高,但是中国也为此付出了较高的资源成本和财政支出,仅依靠国内供给满足国内需求既不现实、也不经济,充分利用国际市场来保护国家粮食安全已成为不可避免的趋势;其次,本文对国际粮食贸易格局以及中国粮食进口的现状和能力进行分析,认为在国际粮食规模逐渐提高的背景下,中国的粮食进口主要用于品种调剂和余缺调节,并在数量上和经济上具有足够的能力保护国家粮食安全。再次,本文对中国利用国际市场保障粮食安全的威胁进行了分析,认为中国扩大进口规模势必会增强国际粮价对国内粮价的影响,国际粮价的剧烈波动将为中国的粮食安全带来一定的风险,中国急需建立合理的粮食进出口模式;最后,综合前文的研究成果,借鉴日本和印度的粮食安全战略经验,本文提出将国内大型粮食企业作为连通国内市场与国际市场的纽带和缓冲,在全球范围内建立持续、稳定、安全的粮食供应网络,进而有效地利用国际市场,提高中国粮食安全的综合水平。
[Abstract]:With the accelerating process of economic globalization and the increasingly close relationship between domestic and international markets, food security is no longer just a problem within a country, but in the context of global agricultural trade. How to effectively utilize the international market to ensure the stability of the domestic market national strategy. Under this background, it is of great significance to analyze and study food security systematically. This paper studies the current situation of China's food security and the ability and threat of using the international market to ensure food security through the methods of theoretical analysis, data analysis and empirical analysis. Suggestions are put forward for China to strengthen food security and promote sustainable agricultural development. Starting from the concept and goal of food security, this paper analyzes the important factors that affect China's food security, and analyzes the degree of deviation between grain self-sufficiency rate, grain price fluctuation, grain reserve scale, private price and social price. The proportion of grain imports in international trade and the proportion of grain imports in foreign exchange reserves are taken as several important indicators to evaluate the level of food security, and then the problems of food security in China under the conditions of open economy are studied as follows: first, This paper analyzes the current situation of China's food security from the core issues, stability and economy of the level of food security, and concludes that although China maintains a high degree of self-sufficiency at present, the level of food security is relatively high. However, China has also paid a high cost of resources and financial expenditure. It is neither realistic nor economical to rely solely on domestic supply to meet domestic demand. It has become an inevitable trend to make full use of the international market to protect the country's food security; secondly, This paper analyzes the pattern of international grain trade and the current situation and ability of China's grain import. It is considered that China's grain import is mainly used for the adjustment of varieties and surplus and deficiency under the background of increasing international grain scale. And in quantitative and economic capacity to protect the country's food security. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the threat of China using the international market to ensure food security, and concludes that the impact of international grain prices on domestic grain prices will be enhanced by China's expanding import scale. The sharp fluctuation of international grain prices will bring certain risks to China's food security, and China urgently needs to establish a reasonable grain import and export model. Finally, by synthesizing the previous research results and drawing lessons from the experiences of Japan and India in food security strategies, In this paper, it is proposed that large domestic grain enterprises should be used as a link and buffer between the domestic market and the international market to establish a sustainable, stable and secure food supply network on a global scale so as to make effective use of the international market. We will raise the comprehensive level of grain security in China.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11

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