农用地股份合作制改革与收益分配研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 19:23

【摘要】：解决“三农”问题关系到国家的安全稳定,关系到民族的伟大复兴。在党的十八大明确提出要发展股份合作后,2017年我国继续深化农村土地制度改革,实行所有权、承包权、经营权“三权分置”。这一宏观制度安排,也将成为中国农村土地制度改革的又一次创新。农用地股份合作制改革,在农村集体组织成员自愿合作,平等互利的条件下,很大程度上解决了农地流转与规模经营的问题,充分实现土地资源的有效配置。通过土地产权制度的明晰,极大推动了作为重要生产要素的土地走向市场化进程,使农民土地权益得到极大化的保障。本文采用制度建设研究和制度对比分析的方法,在研究过程中综合运用规范研究与案例研究、对比分析、文献研究的方法对农用地股份合作制的改革进行分析。论文研究的主要内容与结论如下:(1)界定了农用地股份合作制成员资格及管理方式。通过对农用地股份合作制实施过程前集体资产清查核算的范围、方法和流程进行研究后明确了在界定一般集体经济组织成员的问题上不能“一刀切”,要充分考虑各地区的实际情况和历史遗留问题。同时对出嫁、入赘、离婚、“农转非”、在校学生以及服役、服刑人员的成员资格予以界定。明确了在集体经济组织成员的管理模式上,采用动静结合的方式适合现在形势。(2)设计了农用地股份合作制的股权设置模式与量化方式。通过对比自主经营型农用地股份合作和内股外租型股份合作的制度特点,进而分情况讨论了两种股份合作制的股权设置与量化和股权管理,确定了两种模式下的股份流转范围,设计了合理的退股路径。(3)提出了自主经营型、内股外租型股份合作制的收益分配方式的新探索。内股外租型在收益分配要按照保障收益、按股分红、风险规避、阶梯激励的机制设立,让入股农民享有基本收益的同时,分享到增值收益。通过收益分配激励机制的设立,在发展集体经济的同时,也激活了村民生产劳动的内在动力。
[Abstract]:Solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is related to the security and stability of the country and the great rejuvenation of the nation. After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposed to develop the cooperation of shares, in 2017, China continued to deepen the reform of the rural land system, implementing the ownership, contract right and management right of "three separate rights". This macro-system arrangement will also become another innovation of rural land system reform in China. Under the condition of voluntary cooperation and equality and mutual benefit among the members of rural collective organizations, the reform of the agricultural land share cooperative system has solved to a great extent the problems of agricultural land circulation and scale management, and has fully realized the effective allocation of land resources. Through the clarity of land property right system, land as an important factor of production has been greatly promoted to the marketization process, so that farmers' land rights and interests are maximized protection. This paper adopts the methods of institution construction and system contrast analysis, and analyzes the reform of agricultural land share cooperative system by the methods of normative research and case study, comparative analysis and literature study. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) define the membership and management mode of agricultural land stock cooperative system. After studying the scope, method and process of checking and accounting collective assets before the implementation of the agricultural land share cooperative system, it is clear that the problem of defining the members of general collective economic organizations cannot be "one-size-fits-all". We must give full consideration to the actual situation in various regions and problems left over from history. At the same time, marriage, entry, divorce, "agricultural conversion", school students and service, the members of the prison term to define the membership. It is clear that in the management mode of the members of collective economic organizations, the method of combining dynamic and dynamic is suitable for the present situation. (2) the stock right setting mode and quantifying mode of agricultural land share cooperative system are designed. By comparing the institutional characteristics of the self-managed agricultural land share cooperation and the internal and external lease stock cooperation, the paper discusses the stock right setup and quantification and equity management of the two kinds of stock cooperative system, and determines the scope of the stock circulation under the two modes. A reasonable way to withdraw shares is designed. (3) A new exploration of the income distribution mode of autonomous management, internal and external leasing stock cooperative system is put forward. The internal shares and external rents should be set up according to the guaranteed income, the share dividend, the risk aversion and the ladder incentive mechanism, so that the farmers can enjoy the basic income and share the value-added income at the same time. Through the establishment of incentive mechanism of income distribution, while developing collective economy, it also activates the intrinsic motive force of villagers' production and labor.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

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