湖南省耕地后备资源分析研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 09:03

【摘要】：人多地少,耕地后备资源不足,是我国的基本国情。要实现耕地总量动态平衡,保障国家粮食安全,必须依靠耕地后备资源。部分耕地后备资源开发存在较大的生态风险和政策风险,需要对其进行分析研究,以确认可开垦耕地后备资源数量。本文以湖南省为研究区域,根据地貌类型,划分区域,在各区选取长沙县、衡阳县、湘潭县、湘阴县、沅江市、汉寿县、中方县、武冈市和新田县九个样点县市,依据其耕地后备资源调查与评价成果,分析耕地后备资源的限制因素,测算可开垦耕地后备资源数量;并在分析可垦耕地后备资源的基础上,研究分析耕地后备资源的供需平衡,提出保护可垦耕地后备资源的相应意见与措施,实现耕地后备资源的可持续利用。为最终确定耕地开垦费标准,从经济上实施最严格的耕地保护制度提供依据和保障。本文主要内容分为以下四个部分:首先,对湖南省耕地后备资源现状进行简要概述。从耕地后备资源的构成、数量、质量以及分布上,浅析湖南省耕地后备资源状况,并分析耕地后备资源各限制性因素,为可开垦耕地后备资源测算提供基础数据和理论支撑。其次,可开垦耕地后备资源测算分析。通过对耕地后备资源限制性因素的分析,运用样点分析法,测算样点县可开垦耕地后备资源,通过样点县测算结果计算耕地后备资源可开垦耕地系数,得到剔除各限制性因素后各地形地貌区耕地后备资源可开垦系数,测算并分析湖南省可开垦耕地后备资源数量及质量。再次,测算新增有效耕地面积。通过分析可开垦耕地后备资源开发后地类组成,测算不同地形地貌区新增有效耕地面积系数,最终测得全省各地形地貌区新增有效耕地面积。最后,分析耕地后备资源供需平衡。通过分析湖南省建设占用耕地的数量和质量状况,对未来我省建设占用耕地情况进行预测,测算新增有效耕地面积在数量、质量和类型上的供求平衡。综合剔除土地规划、生态建设、土地污染、自然条件四项限制性因素后,测算出湖南省可开垦的耕地后备资源总量和新增有效耕地面积。根据预测年均建设占用耕地数量,计算耕地后备资源开发补充耕地数量可供占补平衡的年限。结果显示,建设占用优等耕地、高等耕地均无法通过对耕地后备资源开发补充耕地实现质量平衡,建设占用中、低等耕地质量平衡年限均大于数量平衡年限。
[Abstract]:More people and less land, arable land reserve resources are insufficient, is the basic national conditions of our country. In order to realize the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land and guarantee the national food security, we must rely on the cultivated land reserve resources. There are large ecological risks and policy risks in the development of some cultivated land reserve resources, which need to be analyzed and studied in order to confirm the amount of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources. This paper takes Hunan Province as the research area, divides the area according to the landform type, selects Changsha County, Hengyang County, Xiangtan County, Xiangyin County, Yuanjiang City, Hanshou County, Zhongfang County, Wugang City and Xintian County nine sample counties and cities in each district, According to the results of investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, this paper analyzes the limiting factors of cultivated land reserve resources, calculates the number of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources, and analyzes the reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources. This paper studies and analyzes the balance of supply and demand of cultivated land reserve resources, puts forward the corresponding opinions and measures to protect reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources, and realizes the sustainable utilization of cultivated land reserve resources. In order to determine the standard of cultivated land reclamation fee and implement the strictest cultivated land protection system economically, it provides the basis and guarantee. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the current situation of cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province is briefly summarized. Based on the composition, quantity, quality and distribution of cultivated land reserve resources, this paper analyzes the situation of cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province, and analyzes the restrictive factors of cultivated land reserve resources, which provides basic data and theoretical support for the calculation of arable land reserve resources. Secondly, the reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources calculation and analysis. By analyzing the restrictive factors of cultivated land reserve resources, using the method of sample point analysis, this paper calculates the cultivated land reserve resources of the sample counties, and calculates the coefficient of arable land reserve resources reclaimed by the results of the calculation of the sample counties. The coefficient of arable land reserve resources reclamation was obtained after eliminating the restrictive factors, and the quantity and quality of reclaimed cultivated land reserve resources in Hunan Province were calculated and analyzed. Third, calculate the area of new effective cultivated land. Based on the analysis of the land composition after the development of the reserve resources of reclaimed arable land, the new effective cultivated land area coefficient of different topographic and geomorphological areas was calculated, and finally the new effective cultivated land area of each topographic and geomorphological area of the province was measured. Finally, the balance of supply and demand of cultivated land reserve resources is analyzed. By analyzing the quantity and quality of cultivated land occupied by construction in Hunan Province, this paper forecasts the situation of cultivated land occupied by construction in Hunan Province in the future, and calculates the balance of supply and demand in quantity, quality and type of new effective cultivated land. After comprehensive elimination of four restrictive factors such as land planning, ecological construction, land pollution and natural conditions, the total amount of arable land reserve resources and the new effective cultivated land area for reclaimed land in Hunan Province were calculated. Based on the prediction of the amount of cultivated land occupied by construction in the average year, the number of years in which the amount of cultivated land can be occupied and replenished by the development of reserve resources of cultivated land is calculated. The results showed that the quality balance of cultivated land could not be achieved by the development of cultivated land reserve resources, and the quality balance of low cultivated land in construction occupation was longer than that of quantity balance.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.211

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