GIS技术支持下的筠连县耕地质量等别评价

发布时间：2018-07-26 18:12

【摘要】：中国耕地的现状是山地多,平地少,耕地比重小,在耕地利用中存在着耕地人均量少;耕地资源地区分布不平均,耕地生产力地区性差异大;耕地后备资源面临枯竭,利用难度较大的土地数量多等一系列问题。因此保护和利用耕地的时候要求确保占补平衡、严守耕地红线、守住基本农田和高产农田的红线。耕地的质量评价在实践操作和理论研究上,都是目前应该得到重视和开展的工作。其本质是为了揭示耕地质量高低和耕地在空间分布的规律。这对确保中国13亿人口粮食需求、推进农业稳定发展、促进经济社会平稳增长具有重要的战略意义,耕地的保护和研究势在必行。全面摸清筠连县的耕地质量的影响因素以及其耕地质量等别,有利于调整筠连县土地的利用布局结构和合理安排区域内耕地的各项建设项目。本文在全国耕地地力评价指标体系为依据的条件下,结合筠连县的实际情况,把县域内所有耕地作为研究对象,采用特尔斐法构建了筠连县的耕地分等因子评价指标体系;通过确定指定作物的各参数和质量分,结合GIS软件空间数据处理能力对筠连县耕地进行评价;根据筠连县耕地质量评价结果,分析对耕地质量评价结果产生影响的土壤分布和土地整治因素,在此基础上并结合当地的耕作的实际情况提出耕地的利用建议。论文研究主要成果有:(1)构建了筠连县耕地分等参数指标体系。结合上一轮成果资料以及对相关筠连县耕地资料分析验证,最终以有剖面构型、效土层厚度、地貌类型、土壤pH值、地形坡度、有机质等因子构建分等因子指标体系,以及最终查证和确定了指定作物的生产潜力指数、指定作物的产量比系数、土地利用系数和经济系数,根据相关公式计算出指定作物的质量分;(2)采用模糊综合评价法对筠连县进行了耕地质量评价,把筠连县所有耕地按照质量优劣划分为耕地国家自然等别为8等耕地450.72hm2,9等耕地9061.42hm2,10等耕地26712.77hm2,11等耕地0.24hm2。耕地国家利用等别为6等耕地0.59hm2,7等耕地1489.03hm2,8等耕地3201.35hm2,9等耕地14252.59hm2,10等耕地13520.56hm2,11等耕地4562.02hm2。耕地国家经济等别为7等耕地1023.16hm2,8等耕地3049.28hm2,9等耕地15130.54hm2,10等耕地13261.92hm2,11等耕地4561.2hm2。(3)利用ArcGIS软件和excel软件对筠连县耕地成果与上轮成果进行比较,其变化的总体情况是与上轮相比筠连县耕地国家自然等别8等和9等的面积比例比上轮评价结果分别上升到了1.22%和26.64%;10等下降到了72.15%;11等没有变化,耕地面积增加108.61hm2;与上轮成果相比筠连县耕地国家利用等别的7等地的面积比例由2.72%上升到了2.76%;8等地的面积比例由8.18%上升到了8.24%;9等地的面积比例由40.60%上升到了40.86%;10等地的面积比例由35.94%下降到了35.82%;11等地的面积比例由12.56%下降到了12.32%;与上轮成果相比筠连县耕地国家经济等别的6等地的面积未变;7等地的面积比例由3.89%上升到了4.02%;8等地的面积比例由7.63%上升到了8.65%;9等地的面积比例由39.30%下降到了38.49%;10等地的面积比例由36.62%下降到了36.52%;11等地的面积比例由12.56%下降到了12.32%。
[Abstract]:The current situation of cultivated land in China is mountainous, flat land, small proportion of cultivated land, small proportion of cultivated land, low per capita cultivated land in cultivated land use, uneven distribution of cultivated land resources, great regional differences in cultivated land productivity, a series of problems such as the exhaustion of cultivated land resources and the use of more difficult land, so that the protection and utilization of cultivated land should be taken as a result. In order to ensure the balance, keep the red line of cultivated land and keep the red line of basic farmland and high yield farmland, the quality evaluation of cultivated land should be paid attention to and carried out in practice and theory research. The essence is to reveal the quality of cultivated land and the law of the spatial distribution of cultivated land. This ensures the grain of the 1 billion 300 million population of China. It is of great strategic significance to promote the stable development of agriculture and promote the stable economic and social growth. The protection and research of cultivated land is imperative. To fully understand the factors affecting the quality of cultivated land in Junlian county and the quality of its cultivated land, it is beneficial to adjust the distribution structure of land utilization in Junlian county and to rationally arrange the various construction of cultivated land in the region. According to the actual situation of Junlian County, this paper sets up the evaluation index system of the arable land factor of Junlian County by the Delphi method, and combines the GIS software space by determining the parameters and quality points of the designated crops. The data processing capacity is used to evaluate the cultivated land in Junlian county. According to the results of the evaluation of the cultivated land quality in Junlian County, the soil distribution and land regulation factors which affect the results of the cultivated land quality evaluation are analyzed. On this basis, the utilization of cultivated land is proposed in combination with the actual situation of local cultivation. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the construction of Junlian is made. Based on the data of the last round of cultivated land and the analysis and verification of the relevant data of the cultivated land in Junlian County, the index system of the factors such as the profile configuration, the soil layer thickness, the landform type, the pH value of the soil, the slope of the soil, the organic matter and so on, is finally constructed, and the production potential of the designated crops is confirmed and confirmed. Number, yield ratio of designated crops, land use coefficient and economic coefficient, and calculate the quality of designated crops according to the relevant formula; (2) the quality evaluation of cultivated land in Junlian county is carried out by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and all cultivated land in Junlian county is divided into arable land and other cultivated land 450.72hm2,9 and other arable land according to the quality of cultivated land. 26712.77hm2,11 and other cultivated land, such as cultivated land, such as cultivated land, such as cultivated land and other cultivated land, such as 0.24hm2. cultivated land, and so on, such as 0.24hm2. cultivated land and other cultivated land, such as 6 arable land, 0.59hm2,7 and so on, 1489.03hm2,8 and so on, 3201.35hm2,9 and so on, 14252.59hm2,10 and so on, 14252.59hm2,10 and so on, 13520.56hm2,11 and other cultivated land, 4562.02hm2. arable land, etc. 0 cultivated land 13261.92hm2,11 and other arable land 4561.2hm2. (3) used ArcGIS software and Excel software to compare the achievements of cultivated land in Junlian county and the results of the upper round. The overall situation of the change is that the area ratio of 8 and 9, such as 8 and 9, is up to 1.22% and 26.64%, respectively, to 10, and so on, compared with the upper wheel compared with the upper wheel. 72.15%; 11 and so on without change, the area of cultivated land increased by 108.61hm2; compared with the results of the upper wheel, the area ratio of 7 other 7 other places, such as the cultivated land use in Junlian County, rose from 2.72% to 2.76%; the area ratio of 8 other places rose from 8.18% to 8.24%; the proportion of the 9 land area rose from 40.60% to 40.86%; the area ratio of 10 areas fell from 35.94% to 35.94%. The area ratio of 35.82%, 11, and other places fell from 12.56% to 12.32%, and the area of cultivated land in Junlian was not changed from 6 to 12.32%, and the area ratio of 7 equal areas rose from 3.89% to 4.02%; the proportion of area 8 increased from 7.63% to 8.65%; the area ratio of 9 and other places dropped from 39.30% to 38.49%, etc. The area ratio decreased from 36.62% to 36.52%, and the proportion of 11 areas decreased from 12.56% to 12.32%.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208;F323.211

【参考文献】