黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖成本研究
发布时间：2018-08-06 17:27
【摘要】：猪肉价格的波动对整个国民经济的影响很大,随着猪肉价格的下降,受到伤害最大的就是小规模生猪养殖户。小规模生猪养殖户存在资金投入少、养殖规模小、技术水平低,其抗风险的能力较差,属于相对弱小的群体。小规模生猪养殖户对市场上的价格波动非常敏感,同时也受猪肉价格的波动影响较大。生猪的养殖成本对小规模的养殖户尤为重要,直接影响到其收入。通过2004-2013年黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖成本效益统计数据,研究黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖成本效益的变动趋势及影响因素,并提出降低养殖户成本的对策建议。本文以成本收益理论、规模经济理论、比较优势理论为基础,研究黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的现状、发展的动因以及存在的问题的研究。主要从黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的具体情况、养殖布局、养殖品种三个方面阐述黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的发展现状,加深对黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的状况的了解。而黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的发展动因主要从环境需求、农民的增收需求、消费者对猪肉品质的需求以及政策需求这四个方面进行阐述,虽然有很多因素在促进黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的发展,但黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖的发展还存在问题,主要是养殖资金的缺乏、利润空间较小、技术人才缺乏等问题;黑龙江生猪小规模养殖成本变动分析是成本研究的重要内容。而后对影响黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖效益的成本因素进行具体分析,分别挑选仔仔猪购买价格、劳动力价格、劳动力数量、精饲料价格、精饲料数量、防疫医疗费用、死亡损失费、销售费用因素进行分析。选取多元线性回归模型进行实证分析,分析结果表明:仔猪购买价格、销售费用对每头生猪成本纯收益率有正向影响。而精饲料价格、劳动力价格对小规模每头生猪成本纯收益率对负向有影响。并提出降低黑龙江省生猪小规模养殖成本的对策建议,明确提出加快新品种的繁育与改良、拓宽饲料来源、加强现代畜牧科技在生猪小规模养殖过程中的使用、创立新型的生产组织模式、创立并规范生猪小规模风险预防体系等对策建议。
[Abstract]:The fluctuation of pork price has a great impact on the whole national economy. With the decline of pork price, the biggest injury is the small-scale pig farmers. Small-scale pig farmers have small investment, small scale, low technical level, poor ability to resist risks, and belong to a relatively weak group. Small-scale pig farmers are sensitive to price fluctuations in the market, but also affected by the volatility of pork prices. Pig breeding cost is particularly important for small-scale farmers, directly affecting their income. Based on the statistical data of small scale breeding cost and benefit of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2013, the changing trend and influencing factors of the cost benefit of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were studied, and the countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the cost of breeders were put forward. Based on cost-benefit theory, economies of scale theory and comparative advantage theory, this paper studies the status quo, development motivation and existing problems of small-scale pig breeding in Heilongjiang Province. This paper expounds the present situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province from three aspects: the concrete situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, the distribution of breeding, and the breed of live pigs, so as to deepen the understanding of the situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province. The reasons for the development of small-scale pig breeding in Heilongjiang Province are mainly described from four aspects: environmental demand, farmers' income increase demand, consumers' demand for pork quality and policy demand. Although there are many factors to promote the development of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, there are still some problems in the development of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, such as the lack of breeding funds, the small profit space and the lack of technical personnel. The change analysis of small-scale breeding cost of Heilongjiang pig is an important part of cost research. Then the cost factors affecting the benefit of small-scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed, and the purchasing price, labor force quantity, concentrate feed price, quantity of concentrate and medical expenses of epidemic prevention were selected respectively. Death loss and loss, sales cost factors are analyzed. The multiple linear regression model was selected for empirical analysis. The results showed that the purchase price and sales cost of piglets had a positive effect on the net cost return rate of each pig. Feed prices, labor prices on the small-scale per pig's net rate of return on a negative impact. The countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the cost of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were put forward. It was pointed out that the breeding and improvement of new breeds should be accelerated, feed sources should be broadened, and the use of modern animal husbandry technology in the process of small scale breeding of live pigs should be strengthened. To establish a new production organization model and establish and standardize the small-scale pig risk prevention system and other countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3
本文编号：2168459
[Abstract]:The fluctuation of pork price has a great impact on the whole national economy. With the decline of pork price, the biggest injury is the small-scale pig farmers. Small-scale pig farmers have small investment, small scale, low technical level, poor ability to resist risks, and belong to a relatively weak group. Small-scale pig farmers are sensitive to price fluctuations in the market, but also affected by the volatility of pork prices. Pig breeding cost is particularly important for small-scale farmers, directly affecting their income. Based on the statistical data of small scale breeding cost and benefit of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province from 2004 to 2013, the changing trend and influencing factors of the cost benefit of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were studied, and the countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the cost of breeders were put forward. Based on cost-benefit theory, economies of scale theory and comparative advantage theory, this paper studies the status quo, development motivation and existing problems of small-scale pig breeding in Heilongjiang Province. This paper expounds the present situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province from three aspects: the concrete situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, the distribution of breeding, and the breed of live pigs, so as to deepen the understanding of the situation of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province. The reasons for the development of small-scale pig breeding in Heilongjiang Province are mainly described from four aspects: environmental demand, farmers' income increase demand, consumers' demand for pork quality and policy demand. Although there are many factors to promote the development of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, there are still some problems in the development of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province, such as the lack of breeding funds, the small profit space and the lack of technical personnel. The change analysis of small-scale breeding cost of Heilongjiang pig is an important part of cost research. Then the cost factors affecting the benefit of small-scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed, and the purchasing price, labor force quantity, concentrate feed price, quantity of concentrate and medical expenses of epidemic prevention were selected respectively. Death loss and loss, sales cost factors are analyzed. The multiple linear regression model was selected for empirical analysis. The results showed that the purchase price and sales cost of piglets had a positive effect on the net cost return rate of each pig. Feed prices, labor prices on the small-scale per pig's net rate of return on a negative impact. The countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the cost of small scale breeding of live pigs in Heilongjiang Province were put forward. It was pointed out that the breeding and improvement of new breeds should be accelerated, feed sources should be broadened, and the use of modern animal husbandry technology in the process of small scale breeding of live pigs should be strengthened. To establish a new production organization model and establish and standardize the small-scale pig risk prevention system and other countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3
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