黑龙江省有机农业综合效益评价及提升对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 08:12

【摘要】：2015年中央一号文件指出：我国农业资源短缺,开发过度、污染加重,如何在资源环境硬约束下保障农产品有效供给和质量安全、提升农业可持续发展能力,是必须应对的一个重大挑战。有机农业的发展为我国农业生态问题的解决提供了思路。实践证明,发展有机农业可以成功地协调农业生产和环境保护之间的矛盾,综合地实现保障农产品质量、促进农民增收、提高农业综合竞争力等目标。有机农业是近年来各种替代农业中发展最快的一支,蕴藏着巨大的发展潜力。黑龙江省作为生态农业大省及农产品输出大省,加快有机农业发展及其综合效益的提升意义尤其重大。本文首先阐明了黑龙江省有机农业研究的背景、目的及意义,明确研究思路、内容及方法路线,对有机农业的相关概念及基础理论进行了辨析与阐述,奠定了本文的理论基础。通过对国际的美国、德国、日本及国内的江苏、山东两省相关经验的总结和分析,从中得到对黑龙江省有机农业综合效益提升的启示。继而,总结分析了黑龙江省有机农业发展的现状。运用层次分析法(AHP),借鉴其他相关替代农业评价指标体系,并结合黑龙江省有机农业发展的实际情况,构建了有机农业综合效益的评价指标体系。在此基础上,运用综合评价模型从生态、经济及社会三个方面对当前黑龙江省有机农业发展的综合效益进行了定量的评价分析。进而通过计算各指标对有机农业综合效益提升的制约度,诊断出制约黑龙江省有机农业综合效益提升的主要因素。最后,结合理论指导与国内外相关经验的借鉴,提出了促进黑龙江省有机农业综合效益进一步提升的对策建议。通过本文的研究,一方面,拓展了有机农业发展研究的范围,尤其是在定量研究上的尝试；另一方面,在掌握了有机农业当前综合效益现状的基础上,从政府、企业及公众三个层面提出的一系列对策建议,为黑龙江省有机农业发展及综合效益提升政策的制定提供参考。
[Abstract]:The first document of the Central Committee in 2015 pointed out: our country's agricultural resources are short, over-developed, and pollution is aggravated. How to ensure the effective supply and quality safety of agricultural products and enhance the ability of sustainable agricultural development under the hard constraints of resources and environment, Is a major challenge that must be met. The development of organic agriculture provides ideas for the solution of agricultural ecological problems in China. Practice has proved that the development of organic agriculture can successfully coordinate the contradiction between agricultural production and environmental protection, comprehensively achieve the goals of ensuring the quality of agricultural products, increasing farmers' income and improving the comprehensive competitiveness of agriculture. Organic agriculture is one of the fastest growing alternative agriculture in recent years. As a big province of ecological agriculture and agricultural product export, Heilongjiang Province is of great significance to accelerate the development of organic agriculture and its comprehensive benefits. In this paper, the background, purpose and significance of the research on organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province are first expounded, and the research ideas, contents and methods are clarified. The related concepts and basic theories of organic agriculture are analyzed and expounded, which lays the theoretical foundation of this paper. Through summing up and analyzing the relevant experiences of the United States, Germany, Japan, and Jiangsu and Shandong provinces in China, the enlightenment to the promotion of the comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province is obtained. Then, the development of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province is summarized and analyzed. The evaluation index system of the comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture was constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP),) for reference of other relevant alternative agricultural evaluation index systems and combining with the actual situation of the development of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province. On this basis, the comprehensive benefit of the development of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province is quantitatively evaluated and analyzed from three aspects of ecology, economy and society by using the comprehensive evaluation model. By calculating the restriction degree of each index on the promotion of comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture, the main factors restricting the promotion of comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province were diagnosed. Finally, based on the theoretical guidance and relevant experience at home and abroad, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture in Heilongjiang Province. Through the research of this paper, on the one hand, it expands the scope of the development of organic agriculture, especially in the attempt of quantitative research; on the other hand, on the basis of mastering the present situation of the comprehensive benefit of organic agriculture, from the government, A series of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from three aspects of enterprises and the public, which can provide reference for the development of organic agriculture and the promotion of comprehensive benefits in Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F327

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