有机认证视角下云南高原特色有机农业集群综合效应评价研究
发布时间：2018-08-27 11:36
【摘要】：有机农业作为一种健康生态可持续的农业发展方式产生于20世纪70年代,目前已进入有机3.0时代,标志着有机农业进入了一个新的历史发展阶段。随着一系列生态环境问题的出现,以及人们生活水平的逐渐提高,人们对农产品的质量安全问题更加重视,对保护环境的发展更加期待。有机农业由于其对生产、加工过程的高质量要求、严过程控制,其产品受到越来越多人的青睐,这在一定程度上拉动了有机农产品的市场需求。有机农业遵循健康、生态、公平、关爱的原则,将土壤、植物、动物、人类和整个地球的健康作为一个不可分割的整体而加以维持和加强,确保有利于健康、安全和环境友好,对于人类的安全发展、可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。因此,有机生产方式越来越受到重视,国内外都有大量的实践。云南作为我国经济后发展地区,工业污染少,具备独特的地理区位、良好的气候和生态环境优势,是我国最适宜发展有机农业的地区之一。从理论上看,有机农业是云南高原特色现代农业发展的一个重要方向,它能够有效促进云南高原特色现代农业健康发展,有利于提升农业发展水平,为云南高原特色农业品牌带来溢价。从有机认证视角看,云南高原特色有机农业的发展处于刚起步阶段,有机认证对有机农业市场起到一定的规范作用,但是云南高原特色有机农业发展过程中存在诸多问题,束缚了云南高原特色有机农业集群的发展,找出限制高原特色有机农业集群发展的重要因素已成为云南省有机农业关注的焦点。本文以云南高原特色有机农业集群为研究对象,从经济、社会、生态三个方面对云南高原特色有机农业集群的综合效应进行研究,找出有机农业集群发展过程中存在的问题,对症下药。本文研究的主要内容包括以下三点:(1)文献综述与实地调研相结合,总结云南高原特色有机农业的发展现状;利用波特“钻石模型”从生产要素、市场需求、相关与支撑产业、企业战略与竞争、机遇因素、政府因素等六个方面定性分析云南高原特色有机农业集群形成的条件;运用定量的区位商方法测算云南高原特色有机农业集群区域的集群程度并分析。(2)遵循指标体系构建的基本原则,构建由经济效应、社会效应、生态效应为主要框架的3个一级指标,有机农业发展效应、竞争优势效应、城镇规模效应、空间区位效应、技术创新效应、农民福利效应、环境改善效应、生产条件效应、有机产品质量效应等9个二级指标和29个三级指标的框架体系,先分别运用层次分析法和熵权法计算各个指标权重,最后运用组合赋权法确定评价指标的综合权重。(3)根据确定的指标综合权重,计算2011-2015年云南省高原特色有机农业集群产生的经济效应、社会效应、生态效应以及综合效应的评价值进行分析,找出发展过程中存在的主要问题,并提出相应的发展对策与建议。
[Abstract]:Organic agriculture, as a sustainable agricultural development mode of healthy ecology, came into being in the 1970s, and has entered the organic 3.0 era, which indicates that organic agriculture has entered a new historical development stage. With the emergence of a series of ecological environmental problems and the gradual improvement of people's living standards, people pay more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products, and look forward to the development of environmental protection. Organic agriculture is favored by more and more people because of its high quality requirement and strict process control in production and processing process, which to some extent drives the market demand of organic agricultural products. Organic agriculture, guided by the principles of health, ecology, equity and care, maintains and strengthens the health of soil, plants, animals, human beings and the entire planet as an indivisible whole, ensuring health, safety and environmental friendliness, For the security of human development, sustainable development has a very important significance. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the organic production mode, and there are a lot of practices at home and abroad. Yunnan is one of the most suitable areas for the development of organic agriculture in China because of its low industrial pollution, unique geographical location, good climate and ecological environmental advantages. In theory, organic agriculture is an important direction in the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture. It can effectively promote the healthy development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture and promote the level of agricultural development. For Yunnan plateau characteristics of agricultural brands to bring a premium. From the perspective of organic certification, the development of characteristic organic agriculture in Yunnan plateau is just in its infancy, and organic certification plays a normative role in the organic agriculture market. However, there are many problems in the development of organic agriculture with characteristics in Yunnan plateau. It has restricted the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster and found out the important factors that restrict the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster which has become the focus of attention of Yunnan province organic agriculture. This paper takes Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster as the research object, studies the comprehensive effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from the three aspects of economy, society and ecology, and finds out the problems existing in the development process of the organic agriculture cluster. an antidote against the disease The main contents of this paper include the following three points: (1) combining literature review with field investigation, summarizing the development status of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture, using Porter's Diamond Model to analyze the factors of production, market demand, correlation and support industry, The forming conditions of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster are analyzed qualitatively from six aspects: enterprise strategy and competition, opportunity factor, government factor and so on. The paper uses the quantitative location quotient method to measure and analyze the cluster degree of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster area. (2) following the basic principle of the index system construction, the economic effect and social effect are constructed. Ecological effect is the three primary indexes of the main frame, organic agriculture development effect, competitive advantage effect, town scale effect, spatial location effect, technological innovation effect, farmer welfare effect, environment improvement effect, production condition effect, etc. The frame system of 9 secondary indexes and 29 tertiary indexes, such as organic product quality effect, is used to calculate the weight of each index by using AHP and entropy weight method, respectively. Finally, the combined weighting method is used to determine the comprehensive weight of the evaluation index. (3) according to the comprehensive weight of the index, the economic effect and social effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from 2011-2015 are calculated. The evaluation value of ecological effect and comprehensive effect is analyzed to find out the main problems existing in the process of development and to put forward the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F327
[Abstract]:Organic agriculture, as a sustainable agricultural development mode of healthy ecology, came into being in the 1970s, and has entered the organic 3.0 era, which indicates that organic agriculture has entered a new historical development stage. With the emergence of a series of ecological environmental problems and the gradual improvement of people's living standards, people pay more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products, and look forward to the development of environmental protection. Organic agriculture is favored by more and more people because of its high quality requirement and strict process control in production and processing process, which to some extent drives the market demand of organic agricultural products. Organic agriculture, guided by the principles of health, ecology, equity and care, maintains and strengthens the health of soil, plants, animals, human beings and the entire planet as an indivisible whole, ensuring health, safety and environmental friendliness, For the security of human development, sustainable development has a very important significance. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the organic production mode, and there are a lot of practices at home and abroad. Yunnan is one of the most suitable areas for the development of organic agriculture in China because of its low industrial pollution, unique geographical location, good climate and ecological environmental advantages. In theory, organic agriculture is an important direction in the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture. It can effectively promote the healthy development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture and promote the level of agricultural development. For Yunnan plateau characteristics of agricultural brands to bring a premium. From the perspective of organic certification, the development of characteristic organic agriculture in Yunnan plateau is just in its infancy, and organic certification plays a normative role in the organic agriculture market. However, there are many problems in the development of organic agriculture with characteristics in Yunnan plateau. It has restricted the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster and found out the important factors that restrict the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster which has become the focus of attention of Yunnan province organic agriculture. This paper takes Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster as the research object, studies the comprehensive effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from the three aspects of economy, society and ecology, and finds out the problems existing in the development process of the organic agriculture cluster. an antidote against the disease The main contents of this paper include the following three points: (1) combining literature review with field investigation, summarizing the development status of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture, using Porter's Diamond Model to analyze the factors of production, market demand, correlation and support industry, The forming conditions of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster are analyzed qualitatively from six aspects: enterprise strategy and competition, opportunity factor, government factor and so on. The paper uses the quantitative location quotient method to measure and analyze the cluster degree of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster area. (2) following the basic principle of the index system construction, the economic effect and social effect are constructed. Ecological effect is the three primary indexes of the main frame, organic agriculture development effect, competitive advantage effect, town scale effect, spatial location effect, technological innovation effect, farmer welfare effect, environment improvement effect, production condition effect, etc. The frame system of 9 secondary indexes and 29 tertiary indexes, such as organic product quality effect, is used to calculate the weight of each index by using AHP and entropy weight method, respectively. Finally, the combined weighting method is used to determine the comprehensive weight of the evaluation index. (3) according to the comprehensive weight of the index, the economic effect and social effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from 2011-2015 are calculated. The evaluation value of ecological effect and comprehensive effect is analyzed to find out the main problems existing in the process of development and to put forward the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F327
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