乡村型半城市化地区的土地利用特征和形成机制研究——以潮安区古巷镇为例

发布时间：2018-09-17 13:12

【摘要】：半城市化地区是城镇发展过程中形成的不同传统二元城乡结构、土地利用混杂交错且变化迅速的地域类型。该地域城镇发展问题突出,社会矛盾集中,研究该地区半城市化发展特征对深化认识城镇发展,推进半城市化向城市化转变具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。为探析半城市化地域的土地利用特征和形成机制,以潮州市潮安区古巷镇为例,综合研究其土地利用演变规律、空间分布特征、土地利用效率和土地利用转移矩阵,并借鉴程序框图思维,创新半城市化机制研究,发现:2001—2016年间研究区建设用地和未利用地增加,2001年、2006年、2011年和2016年人均建设用地分别为137.3、197.5、257.8和194.5 m~2,超出国家法定水平,耕地、园地和坑塘水面面积减少。工矿用地增长速度快,分布范围广,单位工业用地产值仅692.6元,低于国家水平,存在用地比例过高、增长速度过快以及用地产出效率低等问题。城乡居民用地面积变化缓慢,其人均用地面积先增后减,符合国家规范要求。矩阵转移分析结果表明:建设用地的增加主要是来自耕地、园地、坑塘水面和未利用地。农用地是该地区最容易受到侵占的用地类型。以卫生洁具产业为核心的工业发展是古巷镇建设用地变化的主要驱动力,为半城市化地域形成提供了基础条件。农民充分的自主发展权以及政府监管、规划引导缺位是半城市化地域形成的根本原因,如不介入管理和引导,环境恶化和本地人口外流将进一步促进半城市化地区的固化。
[Abstract]:Semi-urbanized areas are different traditional dual urban-rural structures formed in the process of urban development. Land use is mixed and interlaced and rapidly changed. The problems of urban development in this region are prominent and the social contradictions are concentrated. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the characteristics of semi-urbanization development in this area in order to deepen the understanding of urban development and to promote the transformation from semi-urbanization to urbanization. In order to analyze the characteristics and forming mechanism of land use in semi-urbanized areas, taking Guxiang Town in Chaoan District of Chaozhou City as an example, the law of land use evolution, spatial distribution characteristics, land use efficiency and land use transfer matrix were comprehensively studied. Drawing lessons from the program frame thinking and innovating the mechanism of semi-urbanization, we find that the number of construction land and unused land in the study area increased from 2001 to 2016. In 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, the per capita construction land was 137.3197.5257.8 and 194.5 mm2 respectively, which exceeded the national legal level and cultivated land. The area of the garden and potholes was reduced. The industrial and mining land has a rapid growth rate and wide distribution. The output value of industrial land per unit is only 692.6 yuan, which is lower than the national level. There are some problems such as too high proportion of land use, too fast growth rate and low efficiency of land use output. Urban and rural residents land area changes slowly, its per capita land area increases first, then decreases, conforms to the national standard request. The results of matrix transfer analysis show that the increase of construction land mainly comes from cultivated land, garden land, pothole surface and unused land. Agricultural land is the most vulnerable land type in this area. The industrial development with sanitary ware industry as the core is the main driving force for the change of construction land in Guxiang Town, which provides the basic conditions for the formation of semi-urbanization area. The peasants' full independent development right and government supervision and the absence of planning and guidance are the fundamental reasons for the formation of semi-urbanized regions. If they do not intervene in management and guidance, environmental degradation and local population outflow will further promote the solidification of semi-urbanized areas.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南海海洋研究所;广州地理研究所;中国科学院大学;
【分类号】：F301.2

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