兵团农业可持续发展评价与对策研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 13:41

【摘要】：农业是一国经济的基础,农业的发展的好坏不仅关系到人们生活水平的提高,还直接关系到国家的稳定发展和社会安定。可持续农业是现代农业的发展的必然趋势和社会可持续发展重要组成部分,农业可持续发展强调农业发展的可持续性,强调在发展农业生产和技术革新的同时要注意合理利用和保护环境,不以损害后代子孙的利益为代价,达到资源的供需稳定和环境的良性发展最终实现农业的可持续发展。兵团作为维护边疆稳定的重要力量之一,从成立到现在农业发展取得巨大的进步,但是,由于过分强调经济总量增长,同时忽视了对环境、资源等的保护和合理利用,使得兵团农业生态环境恶化、资源的利用效率下降、生产成本逐渐增加,兵团社会发展面临的经济、社会、资源和环境失衡,各种问题开始显现出来,兵团农业发展面临着可持续的问题。本文通过建立兵团农业可持续发展模型,对兵团农业可持续发展现状进行分析,找出制约兵团农业可持续发展的因素,提出促进兵团农业可持续发展对策和建议,对于促进兵团农业可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。本文采用理论与实际相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合、实证分析与规范分析相结合等分析方法,以可持续发展理论、人口承载力理论、生态经济理论、农业控制理论等为理论基础,结合兵团农业的发展现状,运用熵值法从兵团经济、社会、人口、资源和环境等方面对兵团2001—2013年的农业可持续发展水平进行分析和评价。根据分析的结果和兵团农业发展现状找出影响兵团农业可持续发展制约因素,并结合国内外农业可持续发展的先进经验针对性的提出了促进兵团农业可持续发展的对策和建议。主要研究结论:(1)通过运用熵值法对2001—2013年数据分析可以看出,兵团农业可持续发展总体水平不断提高。(2)运用协调度指标分析可以看出,虽然兵团农业可持续发展的总体水平不断提高但其内部各子系统的可持续发展水平变化存在明显差异。人口的可持续发展水平处于递减状态,资源和环境的可持续水平相对于其他子系统发展相对比较缓慢,各个子系统之间的发展呈现出不一致性。(3)通过结合兵团农业实际分析找出了影响兵团农业可持续发展的因素有:土地资源、水资源、农业和农村基础设施建设、农业内部产业结构、产业化水平、农业社会化服务以及农村人口素质等。(4)通过结合国内外农业可持续发展的先进经验提出政府应当发挥主导作用,从宏观角度研究如何坚持农业的可持续发展道路;加强对耕地资源的保护和合理利用,发展节水农业;加强兵团农场的基础设施建设,提高农业的总体发展水平;调整兵团农业产业结构,推进兵团农产品的产业化经营,提高兵团人口素质,为农业的发展提供高素质的劳动力资源;同时加强科技创新能力建设,提高农业科技创新能力和农业的现代化水平。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of a country's economy. The development of agriculture is not only related to the improvement of people's living standard, but also directly related to the stable development of the country and social stability. Sustainable agriculture is the inevitable trend of the development of modern agriculture and an important part of the sustainable development of society. The sustainable development of agriculture emphasizes the sustainability of agricultural development. It is emphasized that while developing agricultural production and technological innovation, attention should be paid to the rational use and protection of the environment so as not to harm the interests of future generations, so as to achieve the stability of supply and demand of resources and the benign development of the environment, and finally realize the sustainable development of agriculture. As one of the important forces in maintaining stability in the border areas, the Corps has made great progress in the development of agriculture from its inception to now. However, due to the excessive emphasis on the growth of the total economic volume, it has neglected the protection and rational utilization of the environment and resources. As a result, the agricultural ecological environment of the Corps deteriorated, the efficiency of the utilization of resources decreased, the cost of production gradually increased, and the economic, social, resource and environmental imbalances faced by the social development of the Corps began to show up. Bingtuan agricultural development is faced with sustainable problems. Through establishing the sustainable development model of agriculture in Bingtuan, this paper analyzes the present situation of sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan, finds out the factors restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan. It is of great practical significance to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan. This paper combines theory with practice, qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, empirical analysis with normative analysis, sustainable development theory, population carrying capacity theory, ecological economy theory, etc. Based on the theory of agricultural control, combined with the present situation of agriculture in Bingtuan, the sustainable development level of agriculture in Bingtuan from 2001 to 2013 was analyzed and evaluated by entropy method from the aspects of economy, society, population, resources and environment. According to the results of the analysis and the present situation of agricultural development in Bingtuan, this paper finds out the restrictive factors affecting the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan in combination with the advanced experience of agricultural sustainable development at home and abroad. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the analysis of the data from 2001 to 2013 by using entropy method, we can see that the overall level of sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan is improving continuously. (2) the analysis of coordination degree index can be seen. Although the overall level of sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan has been improved, there are obvious differences in the level of sustainable development among its subsystems. The level of sustainable development of population is in a decreasing state, and the level of sustainable development of resources and environment is relatively slow compared with other subsystems. The development of each subsystem shows inconsistency. (3) the factors that influence the sustainable development of agriculture in Bingtuan are: land resources, water resources, agriculture and rural infrastructure construction. The internal industrial structure of agriculture, the level of industrialization, the socialized service of agriculture and the quality of rural population, etc. (4) by combining the advanced experience of agricultural sustainable development at home and abroad, the government should play a leading role. From the macro point of view, this paper studies how to adhere to the road of sustainable development of agriculture, strengthen the protection and rational utilization of cultivated land resources, develop water-saving agriculture, strengthen the infrastructure construction of the bingtuan farm, and improve the overall development level of agriculture. To readjust the agricultural industrial structure of the bingtuan, to promote the industrialization of agricultural products in the bingtuan, to improve the quality of the population of the bingtuan, to provide high-quality labor resources for the development of agriculture, and to strengthen the building of scientific and technological innovation capacity, We will improve the ability of agricultural science and technology innovation and the level of agricultural modernization.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.22

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