山区农民阶层分化、林地产权偏好与林地流转意愿研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 20:09

【摘要】：2003年新一轮集体林权制度改革以来,农户作为集体林权制度改革的主体,同时也是参与林地流转市场交易的主体,其流转意愿影响着林地使用权的流转。随着我国山区经济的快速发展和城镇化步伐的加快,农民就业途径和收入来源的多元化,形成了不同的农民阶层,而不同阶层农民的林地流转意愿可能存在差异。对土地的依赖程度不同,即对林地产权的不同偏好,也可能会表现为林地流转意愿的差异。本文希望寻找影响农户林地流转意愿的驱动因素和限制因素,来促进林地进一步流转。研究采用浙江省4个县(市)187户微观农户数据进行分析。首先,描述样本地区农民阶层分化状况、林地产权偏好状况和林地流转意愿状况;其次,交叉统计不同阶层农民的林地产权偏好状况和林地流转意愿状况;最后,采用二元Logistic模型分析农户林地流转意愿的影响因素。得到以下结论:随着山区经济的发展和城镇化的推进,以往高度同质的农民群体已经开始分化。农民对林地产权制度的偏好有所不同,大部分农户认为林地产权是重要的。187户农户中,44.92%的农户有流转意愿,55.08%的农户想保持不变,有林地流转意愿的农户数少于想保持不变的农户数。有流转意愿的农户,其想要流转的规模、期限、动因等也有所不同。各职业阶层对林地各类产权的偏好较强。认为林地使用权、林地抵押权重要的,务工阶层的农户占比最高;认为林地收益权重要的,经商阶层的农户占比最高;认为林地转让权重要的,管理者阶层的农户占比最高;认为林地继承权重要的,务农阶层的农户占比最高。不同家庭收入水平的农户对林地产权的偏好较强。且认为林地收益权、林地转让权和林地继承权重要的,家庭收入水平处于下层的农户占比最高;认为林地抵押权重要的,家庭收入水平处于中下层的农户占比最高;认为林地使用权的偏好重要的,家庭收入水平处于中层的农户占比最高。经商阶层和管理者阶层的流转意愿更强,务农阶层、务工阶层倾向于保持现状。愿意流入的农户中,管理者阶层农户占比最高;愿意流出的农户中,经商阶层农户占比最高。不论家庭收入处于哪个水平,希望保持不变的农户占多数。处于下层、中下层和上层的流入意愿强于流出意愿,中层、中上层的流出意愿强于流入意愿。愿意流入的农户中,上层农户占比最高;愿意流出的农户中,中层农户占比最高。在农户林地流出意愿影响因素模型中,林地转让权偏好强度、人均林地面积对农户林地流出意愿有显著的正向影响;与对照组(务农阶层)相比,经商阶层的林地流出意愿更加强烈;与对照组(上层)相比,家庭收入处于中下层的农户其流出意愿更加强烈;与对照组(上层)相比,家庭收入处于中上层的农户的流出意愿更加强烈;以永康作为基准组,开化、临安的农户比永康的农户更不倾向于流出。在农户林地流入意愿影响因素模型中,年龄、人均林地面积对农户林地流入意愿有显著的负向影响;以前有过流转行为的农户其流入意愿比未曾有过流转行为的更强烈;与对照组(上层)相比,家庭收入水平处于中上层的农户流入意愿更弱;开化、临安和龙泉农户的流入意愿比永康的农户更强烈。根据以上结论,提出以下建议:一是,建立健全林权交易中心,发布流转信息。二是,发展非农产业,提高农民收入水平。三是,尊重农户的意愿,鼓励农户进行林地流转。
[Abstract]:Since the reform of the new collective forest rights system in 2003, the peasant household as the main body of the reform of the collective forest rights system, and also the main body of the trade in the forest land circulation market, its circulation will affect the circulation of the right to use the forest land. With the rapid development of the mountain economy and the pace of urbanization in our country, the farmer's employment path and the diversification of the source of income have formed different peasant stratum, and there may be a difference between the forest land circulation intention of different stratum farmers. The degree of dependence of land is different, that is, the different preference of forest land property right, may also appear as the difference of forest land circulation intention. In this paper, we hope to find the driving factors and limiting factors that affect the will of farmers' forest land circulation, and promote the further circulation of forest land. The data of 187 micro-farmers in 4 counties (cities) in Zhejiang Province were studied. Firstly, the status of peasant stratum differentiation in the sample area, the preference status of forest land and the will of forest land circulation will be described. The influence factors of farmer's forest land circulation will be analyzed by using the binary Logistic model. The following conclusions are obtained: With the development of mountain economy and the advance of urbanization, the former highly homogeneous group of farmers has begun to differentiate. The preference of farmers to forest land property rights system is different. Most farmers think forest land property rights are important. Among 187 households, 44. 92% of farmers have circulation will, 55. 08% of farmers want to remain unchanged, the number of farmers with forest land circulation will be less than the number of farmers who want to keep the same. The scale, time limit, motivation and so on are different from the farmers who have the desire to flow. Each occupation class has strong preference for various kinds of property rights in forestland. It is considered that the land use right and forest land mortgage are important, and the farmers account for the highest proportion; it is considered that the forest land usufruct is important, and the peasant households in the business class make up the highest proportion; it is considered that the forest land use right is important, the farmer accounts for the manager stratum is higher than the highest; it is considered important to inherit the forest land. The farmers in the farming class make up the highest. Farmers with different household income levels have strong preference for forest land property rights. And it is considered that the income right of forest land, the right of forest land and the inheritance of forest land are important, the household income level is at the lower level, the household income level is higher than the highest; it is considered that forest land mortgage is important, the household income level is at the lowest level, the farmer accounts for the highest proportion; it is considered that the preference of forest land use right is important, Household income levels are among the highest in middle-class households. The turnover intention of the business class and the manager class is stronger, the farming class and the worker class tend to keep the status quo. Among the farmers who are willing to flow into, the farmers account for the highest proportion; among the farmers who are willing to flow out, the farmers account for the highest proportion. Regardless of the level of household income, it is desirable to keep the same farmers in the majority. In the lower layer, the inflow intention of the upper and lower layers is stronger than the outflow intention, and the outflow intention of the middle layer and the middle layer is stronger than the inflow intention. Among the farmers who are willing to flow into, the upper-level farmers account for the highest proportion; among the farmers who are willing to flow out, middle-level farmers are the highest. Compared with the control group, the willingness of forestland outflow was stronger than that of the control group (the farming class). Compared with the control group (upper layer), the farmers whose household income is in the middle and lower levels has a stronger outflow intention. Compared with the control group (the upper layer), the outflow intention of the peasant households in the middle and lower layers is more intense, and Yongkang is used as a reference group and is opened, Linan's farmers are more inclined to flow out than Yongkang's farmers. In the model of farmer's forestland inflow will influence factor model, the age, per capita forest land area has a significant negative influence on the farmer's forestland inflow will. The household income level is in the middle-upper level, the farmers inflow will be weaker; open, Linan and Longquan farmer's inflow will be stronger than Yongkang's farmers. According to the above conclusions, the following suggestions are made: one is to establish and improve the forest rights management system and publish the circulation information. The second is to develop non-agricultural industries and raise farmers' income level. 3. To respect the will of farmers and encourage farmers to carry out forest land circulation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.2;F832.4

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