舟山渔业可持续发展战略研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 17:23

【摘要】：舟山群岛地处于浙江省的东北部,其有着极其富饶而又宝贵的渔业资源,但是现阶段因为长期的无节制的捕捞、破坏环境、养殖水平低等因素导致舟山市的渔业资源目前已逐步迈向资源匮竭的状态。我国下一阶段的发展目标是“建设海洋强国”,并合理的开发利用海洋带给人类的宝贵的资源。从二十世纪九十年代开始,我国及国外许多地区都逐步重视渔业资源的养护和管理措施以保证海洋渔业资源的可持续发展并颁布了许多法规与制度,但是从总体来看,这些举措并没有起到理想中应该达到的效果,这一方面是因为舟山在对渔业资源养护方面依然存在一定的缺陷,另一方面还和舟山在渔业资源养护与捕捞方面的管理手段不先进有必然的联系,所以,通过健全和完善渔业资源养护与捕捞的有关规定和管理手段是在以后的发展阶段保证舟山渔业资源健康、稳定以及可持续发展的影响深远的一个层面。本文首先从舟山的海水养殖业、捕捞业以及远洋渔业这几方面阐述了舟山的渔业资源利用的现状,并针对现阶段有的一些问题进行剖析,如在海水养殖业中,从业人员普遍素质不高,养殖海区污染严重,养殖过程中出现的病害防治;在捕捞业中,过度捕捞,海洋渔业资源出现衰退现象;在远洋渔业中,渔具渔法等核心技术不先进,远洋渔业公司亏损严重,海鸟误杀等问题。随后对舟山市的渔业资源养护的情况进行了概述,对于管理过程中出现的问题进行了总结和概括,如海洋渔业行政执法能力较薄弱,群众性护渔管理机制未建立等,针对这些问题进行了原因分析,主要有以下几点原因:海洋渔业执法能力建设不够深入,海洋渔业资源管理体系不够完善,当地渔民渔业资源保护意识不够深刻。最后针对舟山市渔业资源整体情况,提出了渔业资源可持续发展的战略,并对舟山渔业资源的合理的管理方式以及未来稳定、健康、可持续发展的具体方法制定出了具体的方案,包括要不断完善海洋渔业资源管理工作体制,切实改善海洋渔业资源生态环境,加快推进渔业资源的养护工作,广泛地开展渔业资源保护相关的宣传教育活动,探索成立群防群治专门管护组织等。
[Abstract]:The Zhoushan archipelago lies in the northeast of Zhejiang Province. It has extremely rich and valuable fishery resources. But at this stage, due to long-term unregulated fishing, it is damaging the environment. The low level of aquaculture has led to the depletion of fishery resources in Zhoushan City. The aim of our country's development in the next stage is to "build a strong marine power" and to exploit and utilize the valuable resources brought by the ocean to mankind. Since the 1990s, China and many foreign regions have gradually attached importance to the conservation and management of fishery resources in order to ensure the sustainable development of marine fishery resources, and issued many laws and regulations, but generally speaking, These measures have not had the desired effect, on the one hand, because Zhoushan still has some shortcomings in the conservation of fishery resources. On the other hand, there is an inevitable link with the fact that Zhoushan is not advanced in the management of fisheries resources conservation and fishing, so, It is a far-reaching aspect to ensure the health, stability and sustainable development of fishery resources in Zhoushan through perfecting the relevant regulations and management means of fishery resources conservation and fishing. In this paper, the present situation of fishery resources utilization in Zhoushan is expounded from the aspects of mariculture, fishing and pelagic fishing, and some problems are analyzed, such as in mariculture. The general quality of the practitioners is not high, the pollution in the aquaculture area is serious, and the disease prevention and cure occurs during the breeding process; in the fishing industry, overfishing and the decline of the marine fishery resources occur; and in the ocean-going fishery, the key technologies such as fishing gear and fishing methods are not advanced. Ocean fishery company loss is serious, sea bird manslaughter and so on problem. Then, the situation of fishery resources conservation in Zhoushan City is summarized, and the problems in the process of management are summarized and summarized, such as the weak administrative law enforcement capacity of marine fishery, the non-establishment of mass protection and fishery management mechanism, etc. The main reasons are as follows: the law enforcement capacity of marine fisheries is not deep enough, the management system of marine fishery resources is not perfect, and the protection consciousness of fishery resources of local fishermen is not deep enough. Finally, according to the overall situation of fishery resources in Zhoushan City, the sustainable development strategy of fishery resources is put forward, and the reasonable management mode and future stability and health of fishery resources in Zhoushan City are put forward. The specific methods of sustainable development have formulated specific programmes, including the continuous improvement of the management system of marine fishery resources, the effective improvement of the ecological environment of marine fisheries resources and the acceleration of the conservation of fisheries resources, Widely carry out publicity and education activities related to fishery resources protection and explore the establishment of special management and management organizations for mass prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.4

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