我国集中连片特困地区精准扶贫的模式比较及政策建议研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 12:06
【摘要】：党的十八届五中全会明确提出,2020年要实现全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标,需加快我国各贫困地区的发展,实现贫困村、贫困户全部摘除“贫困帽”,以解决区域性整体贫困。精准扶贫作为党的十八大后中央实施扶贫攻坚的新战略举措,已经成为国家今后阶段的扶贫工作的重要措施。集中连片特困地区开展精准扶贫工作以来,许多贫困地区都取得了不错的成就,并形成典型发展模式。如秦巴山区的“旅游精准扶贫模式”、武陵山区的“金融精准扶贫模式”、大别山区的“易地搬迁精准扶贫模式”,并在实践过程中积累了许多的成功经验。但是,我国地域辽阔,集中连片特困地区在自然条件、经济社会发展水平和人口素质等方面差异巨大,这些都给其他集中连片特困地区开展精准扶贫工作带来挑战,严重影响当前我国扶贫工作的成效。鉴于以上背景和认识,本文选取集中连片特困地区精准扶贫典型模式比较为主题展开探索和研究,并在尊重地区差异的基础上,提出完善集中连片特困地区精准扶贫模式的政策建议,以更好地推动我国新时期的扶贫开发工作。论文对集中连片特困地区精准扶贫的相关概念进行界定的前提下,以区域经济发展理论、空间贫困理论和社会资本理论等扶贫理论为基础,根据区域的示范性、模式的实效性和实践的差异性,对秦巴山区的易地搬迁精准扶贫模式、武陵山区的金融精准扶贫模式、大别山区的旅游精准扶贫模式的典型实践经验进行介绍。以比较和系统研究为视角,从实施条件、主要路径、困难性和扶贫成效四个方面比较分析秦巴山区的易地搬迁精准扶贫模式、武陵山区的金融精准扶贫模式、大别山区的旅游精准扶贫模式的差异,并总结当前集中连片特困地区开展精准扶贫工作存在的问题。最后,从模式选择基本原则的思考、具体政策、机制与保障三个层面层层深入和细化,需遵守不断创新精准扶贫模式、因地制宜选择精准扶贫模式的原则,从加强农村基层组织建设、合理规划扶贫项目开发、做好精准扶贫的操作工作、积极培育贫困地区优势产业、拓宽农村教育培训的路径等具体政策入手,并切实构建和完善集中连片特困地区实施精准扶贫模式的协商共享机制、工作流程机制、资源整合机制、成果巩固机制,以更好解决我国集中连片特困地区的精准扶贫开发问题。
[Abstract]:The Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed that in order to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020, it is necessary to speed up the development of the poverty-stricken areas in China, to realize the poor villages, and to remove all the "poverty caps" from the poor households in order to solve the overall regional poverty. Precision poverty alleviation, as a new strategy for the central government to tackle poverty relief after the 18th National Congress of the CPC, has become an important measure in the national poverty alleviation work in the future. Many poverty-stricken areas have made good achievements and formed a typical development model since they concentrated their efforts on poverty alleviation. For example, the "tourism precision poverty alleviation model" in Qinba Mountain area, the "financial precision poverty alleviation model" in Wuling Mountain area, and the "relocation and precision poverty alleviation model" in Dabie Mountain area have accumulated many successful experiences in the process of practice. However, our country has a vast territory, and there are huge differences in natural conditions, economic and social development level and population quality in the areas of special hardship areas, all of which bring challenges to other concentrated and extremely difficult areas in carrying out the work of precision poverty alleviation. Seriously affect the current work of poverty alleviation in China. In view of the above background and understanding, this paper selects the comparison of the typical model of precision poverty alleviation in the concentrated special hardship areas as the theme to explore and study, and on the basis of respecting the regional differences, In order to promote the development of poverty alleviation in China in the new period, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on how to improve the model of poverty alleviation in the areas with special difficulties. On the premise of defining the relevant concepts of precise poverty alleviation in special hardship areas, the paper bases on the theories of regional economic development, space poverty and social capital, and on the basis of regional demonstration. The actual effect of the model and the difference in practice, the relocation of the Qinba mountain area accurate poverty relief model, Wuling mountain area of financial precision poverty relief model, Dabie mountain area of tourism precision poverty alleviation model typical practical experience is introduced. From the perspective of comparative and systematic research, from four aspects of implementation conditions, main paths, difficulties and poverty alleviation results, the paper compares and analyzes the relocation and precision poverty alleviation model in Qinba Mountain area, and the financial precision poverty alleviation model in Wuling Mountain area. The difference of tourism precision poverty alleviation model in Dabie Mountain area, and the problems existing in the development of precision poverty alleviation work in the area of special poverty reduction are summarized. Finally, from the perspective of the basic principles of mode selection, specific policies, mechanisms and safeguards, we need to follow the principle of continuously innovating the model of poverty alleviation with precision, and choosing the model of poverty alleviation with precision according to local conditions. Starting with specific policies such as strengthening the construction of rural grass-roots organizations, rationally planning and developing poverty alleviation projects, doing a good job of precision poverty alleviation, actively cultivating superior industries in poor areas, and broadening the path of rural education and training, And effectively build and improve the negotiation and sharing mechanism, workflow mechanism, resource integration mechanism, achievement consolidation mechanism for the implementation of the precision poverty alleviation model in the concentrated areas with special difficulties. In order to better solve the problem of precision poverty alleviation and development in China.
【学位授予单位】：广东海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8
本文编号：2291363
[Abstract]:The Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed that in order to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020, it is necessary to speed up the development of the poverty-stricken areas in China, to realize the poor villages, and to remove all the "poverty caps" from the poor households in order to solve the overall regional poverty. Precision poverty alleviation, as a new strategy for the central government to tackle poverty relief after the 18th National Congress of the CPC, has become an important measure in the national poverty alleviation work in the future. Many poverty-stricken areas have made good achievements and formed a typical development model since they concentrated their efforts on poverty alleviation. For example, the "tourism precision poverty alleviation model" in Qinba Mountain area, the "financial precision poverty alleviation model" in Wuling Mountain area, and the "relocation and precision poverty alleviation model" in Dabie Mountain area have accumulated many successful experiences in the process of practice. However, our country has a vast territory, and there are huge differences in natural conditions, economic and social development level and population quality in the areas of special hardship areas, all of which bring challenges to other concentrated and extremely difficult areas in carrying out the work of precision poverty alleviation. Seriously affect the current work of poverty alleviation in China. In view of the above background and understanding, this paper selects the comparison of the typical model of precision poverty alleviation in the concentrated special hardship areas as the theme to explore and study, and on the basis of respecting the regional differences, In order to promote the development of poverty alleviation in China in the new period, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on how to improve the model of poverty alleviation in the areas with special difficulties. On the premise of defining the relevant concepts of precise poverty alleviation in special hardship areas, the paper bases on the theories of regional economic development, space poverty and social capital, and on the basis of regional demonstration. The actual effect of the model and the difference in practice, the relocation of the Qinba mountain area accurate poverty relief model, Wuling mountain area of financial precision poverty relief model, Dabie mountain area of tourism precision poverty alleviation model typical practical experience is introduced. From the perspective of comparative and systematic research, from four aspects of implementation conditions, main paths, difficulties and poverty alleviation results, the paper compares and analyzes the relocation and precision poverty alleviation model in Qinba Mountain area, and the financial precision poverty alleviation model in Wuling Mountain area. The difference of tourism precision poverty alleviation model in Dabie Mountain area, and the problems existing in the development of precision poverty alleviation work in the area of special poverty reduction are summarized. Finally, from the perspective of the basic principles of mode selection, specific policies, mechanisms and safeguards, we need to follow the principle of continuously innovating the model of poverty alleviation with precision, and choosing the model of poverty alleviation with precision according to local conditions. Starting with specific policies such as strengthening the construction of rural grass-roots organizations, rationally planning and developing poverty alleviation projects, doing a good job of precision poverty alleviation, actively cultivating superior industries in poor areas, and broadening the path of rural education and training, And effectively build and improve the negotiation and sharing mechanism, workflow mechanism, resource integration mechanism, achievement consolidation mechanism for the implementation of the precision poverty alleviation model in the concentrated areas with special difficulties. In order to better solve the problem of precision poverty alleviation and development in China.
【学位授予单位】：广东海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8
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