平顶山市现代农业发展状况与对策研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 13:46

【摘要】：中国强,则农业必强,农民富则国富,农村安则国家安。自2004年中央一号文件连续十二年关注三农问题,围绕建设现代农业加快转变农业发展方式的号召更是被今年中央一号文件所提出。发展现代农业目前已经成为社会主义新农村建设的首要任务。不断改造传统农业、不断发展农村生产力的过程,就是建设现代农业的过程,同时也是转变农业增长方式、促进农业又好又快发展的过程。平顶山市位于河南省中部,地处是伏牛山地向黄淮平原的过渡地带,属于典型的资源型城市,培育全新的产业替代资源枯竭的产业,发展现代农业,走农业产业化道路是在资源型城市可持续发展的出路之一。但平顶山市农业经济基础相对薄弱,在推进现代农业发展过程中还面临着许多问题亟待解决。本文依据平顶山市农业发展的特点,通过查阅文献资料、实地调查研究、与农民及农业企业经营者交谈、规范性分析等方法对平顶山市发展现代农业面临的困难及由传统农业转型现代农业中出现的问题进行探索和研究,指出平顶山市现代农业存在以下问题:1)农业基础设施建设与农业保险制度不完善,农业抗灾减灾能力差,农民收入无保障的问题。2)耕地面积日益减少且污染加重,土地流转面临众多难题。3)农业机械化水平低,农业科技创新水平低。4)农业科技推广力度不足,农民素质偏低5)农业经营主体存在的问题,农业产业化有待进一步提高的问题。本文根据平顶山市实际情况通过对以上问题分析研究认为,今后平顶山市现代农业工作发展的重点为“一个主体,三个工程,五个体系”。即:培育壮大新型农业经营主体;精心实施“高产创建和高标准粮田‘百千万’建设工程、现代农业产业化集群培育工程、启动都市生态农业发展工程”;完善提高“农技推广服务体系、农产品质量安全监管体系、信息服务体系建设、农业执法体系、农业科技创新体系”等。主要发展策略为:1)发展应当强调培育壮大新型农业经营主体,提升现代农业产业化水平。2)加强对农业基础设施的建设,提高机械化水平。3)建立健全农业推广服务体系,提高农业科技投入力度。4)合理开发利用农业资源,加强生态环境保护和生态农业建设。5)发展农业信息化。6)实施适度的农业保护政策。7)建立健全农产品质量安全监管体系。
[Abstract]:If China is strong, then agriculture will be strong, peasants will be rich, and rural security will lead to national security. Since 2004, the first document of the Central Committee has paid close attention to the issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers for 12 consecutive years, and the call to accelerate the transformation of the mode of agricultural development around the construction of modern agriculture has been put forward by the first document of the Central Committee this year. The development of modern agriculture has now become the primary task of socialist new rural construction. The process of continuously reforming traditional agriculture and developing rural productive forces is the process of constructing modern agriculture and changing the mode of agricultural growth to promote the good and fast development of agriculture. Pingdingshan City is located in the central part of Henan Province. It is located in the transitional zone from Funiu Mountain to Huang-Huai Plain. It belongs to a typical resource-based city. It cultivates new industries instead of resource-exhausted industries and develops modern agriculture. Taking the road of agricultural industrialization is one of the ways out for sustainable development in resource-based cities. However, the agricultural economic base of Pingdingshan is relatively weak, and there are still many problems to be solved in the process of promoting the development of modern agriculture. Based on the characteristics of agricultural development in Pingdingshan City, this paper discusses with farmers and managers of agricultural enterprises by consulting literature, investigating and studying on the spot. Normative analysis and other methods are used to explore and study the difficulties faced by Pingdingshan City in developing modern agriculture and the problems arising in the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. It is pointed out that the following problems exist in modern agriculture in Pingdingshan City: 1) imperfect agricultural infrastructure construction and agricultural insurance system, poor ability of agricultural disaster resistance and disaster reduction, and unguaranteed income of farmers; 2) decreasing cultivated land and increasing pollution. 3) low level of agricultural mechanization and low level of agricultural scientific and technological innovation. 4) insufficient extension of agricultural science and technology, low quality of farmers (5) problems existing in the main body of agricultural management and problems of agricultural industrialization to be further improved. According to the actual situation of Pingdingshan City, this paper points out that the emphasis of the development of modern agricultural work in Pingdingshan City in the future is "one subject, three projects and five systems". That is, to cultivate and strengthen the main body of new agricultural management, to carry out meticulously the construction of high yield and high standard grain fields, to cultivate the cluster of modern agricultural industrialization, and to start the urban ecological agriculture development project. Improve the "agricultural technology extension service system, agricultural product quality and safety supervision system, information service system construction, agricultural law enforcement system, agricultural science and technology innovation system" and so on. The main development strategies are as follows: 1) the development should emphasize the cultivation and strengthening of the new agricultural management body, and the promotion of the level of modern agricultural industrialization. 2) strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure and raise the level of mechanization. 3) establish and improve the agricultural extension service system. 4) rational exploitation and utilization of agricultural resources, strengthening ecological environment protection and ecological agriculture construction. 5) developing agricultural informatization. 6) implementing appropriate agricultural protection policies. 7) establishing and perfecting the quality and safety supervision system of agricultural products.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F327

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