论土地承包经营权处分之限制性规范的科学配置——基于司法裁判文书的整理和分析

发布时间：2018-12-25 17:24

【摘要】：本文利用司法裁判文书统计数据分析了土地承包经营权处分限制性规范的合理性。研究表明:在"所有权—土地承包经营权""两权分离"的农地法权架构下,土地承包经营权处分的限制,阻碍了农地的规模流转与规模经营。在政策倡导通过"三权分置"解决这一问题之际,"三权分置"政策定位于宏观层面的立法精神指引,而对处分之限制性规范进行科学配置,是当下农地法律制度改革的合适路径。土地承包经营权转让需经发包方同意不应作为影响转让合同效力的强制性规范;以财产资格划定转让方的范围不合理地限制了农户转让自由,有违民事行为能力的基本法理;受让方主体资格属于立法强加于农地之上的身份属性限制,阻碍了农地规模流转;为保障村社成员的成员权,集体经济组织成员应享有优先受让权;对于家庭承包取得的土地承包经营权禁止抵押,也无合理性。因应以上农地法律制度变革,宜强化农地用途管制,合理限制受让人的流转权利。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the rationality of the restrictive norms of the disposition of the land contract management right by using the statistical data of the judicial adjudication documents. The research shows that under the legal framework of "ownership-land contract management right" and "separation of two rights", the restriction of disposition of land contract management right hinders the scale circulation and scale management of farmland. When the policy advocates to solve this problem through "three power separation", the "three power separation" policy is positioned at the macro level legislative spirit guidance, and carries on the scientific disposition to the restrictive norm of the disposition. It is the appropriate path for the reform of agricultural land legal system. The transfer of the land contractual management right should not be regarded as a mandatory norm affecting the validity of the transfer contract with the consent of the contracting party, and the scope of the transferor defined by the property qualification unreasonably restricts the free transfer of the peasant household, which is contrary to the basic legal principle of the civil capacity; The subject qualification of the transferee belongs to the identity attribute of the legislation imposed on the farmland, which hinders the circulation of the farmland scale, in order to protect the membership rights of the members of the village community, the members of the collective economic organization should enjoy the priority transfer right; It is not reasonable to prohibit mortgage for the land contract management right obtained by family contract. In view of the above reform of the farmland legal system, we should strengthen the control of farmland use and reasonably restrict the transferee's right of circulation.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【基金】：国家2011计划“司法文明协同创新中心”(教技函[2013]26号)的研究成果 2017年武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)的阶段性研究成果 “中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”资助
【分类号】：D922.32;F321.1

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