甘肃省苜蓿企业竞争力分析
发布时间：2018-12-26 06:38
【摘要】：紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是全球栽培最广的优良豆科牧草,产草量高,营养价值好,改土肥田效果显著,在发展畜牧业生产和改善环境方面发挥着日益重要的作用。甘肃省作为国内苜蓿种植面积最大的省份,在农业市场经济体制不断完善的现阶段,有效提高甘肃省苜蓿企业的竞争力,对中国草产业及畜牧业的持续健康发展具有重要意义。本文以甘肃省具有代表性的40家苜蓿企业为研究对象,通过现场考察、问卷调查和相关资料收集,构建了以苜蓿企业盈利、生产、创新、产品及人力等五个竞争力为维度构成的企业竞争力分析模型,在此基础上,根据指标选取原则,建立了由17个指标构成的苜蓿企业竞争力评价指标体系,并运用回归分析与因子分析法进行评价。基于此定性和定量两种分析途径,详细探讨了甘肃省苜蓿企业竞争力的现状格局、内部关系及决定因素,并对甘肃省苜蓿企业的未来发展提出了建议。所获主要结果如下:1、调查的苜蓿企业绝大多数为近十年成立的中小民营企业。在经营方式上以苜蓿单一种植为主,另有少量企业为种植苜蓿与饲养家畜相结合。目前已形成河西、陇中及陇东三大苜蓿优势产区。40个样本中,旱作生产的企业有19家,灌溉生产的企业有21家。2、在盈利竞争力方面,整体盈利水平不高,有近13%的企业没有盈利。“振兴奶业苜蓿发展行动计划”专项资金补贴已成为甘肃苜蓿企业发展的主要动力之一。在生产竞争力方面,旱作和灌溉条件下的苜蓿干草平均单产分别为10.72t/hm2和14.95t/hm2,干草粗蛋白质含量平均13.3%和18.0%,平均收益11051.95元/hm2和29848.31元/hm2,灌溉条件的企业具有明显的生产优势,其干草平均单产比旱作条件下高4.23t/hm2,平均蛋白质含量高4.7%,平均收益高18796.36元/hm2。但总体草产品类型单一,多数企业以生产出售初级草捆为主,生产高档草捆草块的企业仅占调查企业总数的15%,不到18%的企业拥有自主品牌。在创新竞争力方面,企业科技创新意识淡薄,85%的样本知识密集度在10%以下。在产品竞争力方面,90%的企业国内市场占有率仅在0.5%以下。在人力竞争力方面,多数企业员工高中以上学历普及率超过了62%,但有超过67%的企业科技专业人才占比仅在10%以下。3、根据已构建的苜蓿企业竞争力定量评价指标体系,探讨了总收入变量与影响其大小的间接因素之间的回归关系,得出苜蓿干草粗蛋白含量对总收入贡献最大,其次是企业拥有的科技专业人才数,再次是企业的科研投入,最后是企业的员工数。企业的年龄与总收入之间关系不显著。4、构建了苜蓿企业竞争力评价模型,企业在盈利、生产、创新、产品及人力五个方面的竞争力均直接影响企业整体竞争力。并据此得出了甘肃省最具竞争力的前十家苜蓿企业,分别是甘肃亚盛田园牧歌草业集团有限责任公司、玉门丰花草业(黄花国营农场)、国营农垦八一农场、昌永合作社、民生牧草有限公司、玉门油田农牧公司、杨柳青饲料有限公司、金昌赛良饲草公司、高台种业、酒泉大业种业公司。5、苜蓿企业在不同发展阶段应根据自身条件适当引入成本领先、差异化及市场专一化三种竞争发展战略。经营方式应分区发展,改善企业生产技术水平进而提高产品质量,树立地域品牌营销模式进而扩大市场占有率,加强科技创新和人才管理不断提升整体竞争力。
[Abstract]:Medicago sativa is one of the most widely cultivated leguminous grass in the world, with high yield, good nutritional value and remarkable improvement of soil and fertilizer field, and plays an increasingly important role in the development of animal husbandry production and the improvement of the environment. As a province with the largest planting area in China, Gansu Province, in the current stage of the continuous improvement of the agricultural market economic system, can effectively improve the competitiveness of the enterprises in the Gansu province, which is of great significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the Chinese grass industry and the animal husbandry. This paper, based on the representative 40 multinational enterprises in Gansu Province as the research object, through the field investigation, the questionnaire and the relevant data collection, constructs the enterprise competitiveness analysis model, which is made up of five competitive factors such as profit, production, innovation, product and human power of the enterprise. On this basis, according to the principle of index selection, the evaluation index system of the competitiveness of the multinational enterprise, which is composed of 17 indexes, is established, and the regression analysis and the factor analysis method are used for the evaluation. Based on this qualitative and quantitative analysis approach, the present situation, the internal relations and the determinants of the competitive power of the enterprises in the Gansu province are discussed in detail, and the suggestions for future development of the enterprises in the province of Gansu are put forward. The main results are as follows: 1. The majority of the investigated multinational enterprises are small and medium-sized private enterprises established in the last ten years. In the mode of operation, a small number of enterprises are combined with the raising of domestic animals. in 40 samples, there are 19 enterprises in dry-land production, and 21 for irrigation and production. 2. In terms of profit competitiveness, the overall profit level is not high, and nearly 13% of the enterprises are not profitable. The special-鈥淧lan of Action for Promoting the Development of the Dairy Industry鈥，
本文编号：2391673
[Abstract]:Medicago sativa is one of the most widely cultivated leguminous grass in the world, with high yield, good nutritional value and remarkable improvement of soil and fertilizer field, and plays an increasingly important role in the development of animal husbandry production and the improvement of the environment. As a province with the largest planting area in China, Gansu Province, in the current stage of the continuous improvement of the agricultural market economic system, can effectively improve the competitiveness of the enterprises in the Gansu province, which is of great significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the Chinese grass industry and the animal husbandry. This paper, based on the representative 40 multinational enterprises in Gansu Province as the research object, through the field investigation, the questionnaire and the relevant data collection, constructs the enterprise competitiveness analysis model, which is made up of five competitive factors such as profit, production, innovation, product and human power of the enterprise. On this basis, according to the principle of index selection, the evaluation index system of the competitiveness of the multinational enterprise, which is composed of 17 indexes, is established, and the regression analysis and the factor analysis method are used for the evaluation. Based on this qualitative and quantitative analysis approach, the present situation, the internal relations and the determinants of the competitive power of the enterprises in the Gansu province are discussed in detail, and the suggestions for future development of the enterprises in the province of Gansu are put forward. The main results are as follows: 1. The majority of the investigated multinational enterprises are small and medium-sized private enterprises established in the last ten years. In the mode of operation, a small number of enterprises are combined with the raising of domestic animals. in 40 samples, there are 19 enterprises in dry-land production, and 21 for irrigation and production. 2. In terms of profit competitiveness, the overall profit level is not high, and nearly 13% of the enterprises are not profitable. The special-鈥淧lan of Action for Promoting the Development of the Dairy Industry鈥，
本文编号：2391673
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