精准扶贫的实践偏离与基层治理困局

发布时间：2018-12-26 13:40

【摘要】：以西南地区一个国家级贫困县的精准扶贫实践为分析对象,考察了精准扶贫实践的偏离问题,并从基层治理的角度对偏离的原因进行了阐释。从精准识别来看,横截面识别、标准化、僵化的指标与村民生活的动态变化、村庄现实的不规则性以及村庄道义相偏离;而在精准扶贫的实施过程中,偏离主要表现为扶贫资源投入的内卷化和人力投入的内卷化。研究从基层治理的角度阐释了精准扶贫实践偏离的原因。在村庄层面,精准识别的"去政治化",即未能形成对大多数村民的政治动员,是导致实践偏离的重要因素之一。在县、乡层面,精准扶贫实践中"行政吸纳政治"的逻辑也是实践偏离的影响因素,以专业化、标准化为特征的技术治理、将"树典型"作为目的而非手段、事本主义逻辑,都是构成精准扶贫内卷化的原因。
[Abstract]:Taking the practice of precision poverty alleviation in a state-level poor county in southwest China as an analysis object, the deviation of precision poverty alleviation practice is investigated, and the reasons of deviation are explained from the angle of grass-roots governance. From the perspective of accurate recognition, cross-section recognition, standardization, ossified indicators and the dynamic changes of villagers' life, the irregularity of village reality and the deviation of village morality; In the implementation process of precision poverty alleviation, deviation is mainly reflected in the inrolling of poverty alleviation resources input and manpower investment. The study explains the reasons for deviation from the practice of precision poverty alleviation from the perspective of grass-roots governance. At the village level, the "depoliticization" of accurate identification, that is, the failure to form political mobilization to most villagers, is one of the important factors leading to the deviation of practice. At the county and township level, the logic of "administration absorbing politics" in the practice of accurate poverty alleviation is also the influence factor of the deviation of practice. The technological governance characterized by specialization and standardization takes "tree model" as an end rather than a means, and the logic of materialism. These are the reasons for accurate poverty reduction.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学人文与发展学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目(16CSH042)
【分类号】：D422.6;F323.8

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