基于典型调查的精准扶贫政策创新及建议

发布时间：2019-03-03 09:23

【摘要】：文章基于国务院"实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫"政策措施落实情况第三方评估项目调查,归纳出目前精准扶贫、精准脱贫政策实施过程中的问题及难题,深入探讨未来五年我国全面脱贫的政策创新与对策建议,为"十三五"期间更好地推进精准扶贫工作提供指导,为实现精准脱贫和全面建设小康社会目标提供理论参考。典型调查发现:目前以收入作为贫困户唯一识别标准具有一定的局限性,13.1%的受访农户认为建档立卡工作中漏掉了部分真正需要帮助的贫困户;贫困村脱贫与返贫现象同时存在,缺乏对脱贫人口的动态跟踪与精准管理;扶贫资金满足不了地方需求,用途分散,约束多;基层扶贫机构不健全;贫困地区基础设施和公共服务建设不够完善。针对目前存在的问题提出了政策建议:(1)加快建立健全贫困识别和动态监测体系,因地制宜地推进精准扶贫;(2)加大资金整合力度,将审批权限下放,责权到县;(3)加强基层扶贫队伍建设,引入扶贫专职公务员;(4)关注贫困个体、贫困区域的协同发展,未来扶贫时序应突出"一前一后";(5)发挥地方优势,突出产业扶贫和解决劳务输出;(6)试点先行,探索我国可持续精准扶贫之路。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the third-party evaluation project on the implementation of the policies and measures of "implementing precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation" under the State Council, the paper summarizes the problems and problems in the implementation of precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation policies at present. This paper probes into the policy innovation and countermeasures of overall poverty alleviation in China in the next five years, provides guidance for better promotion of precision poverty alleviation work during the 13th five-year Plan, and provides theoretical reference for achieving the goal of precision poverty alleviation and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Typical survey found that income as the only identification criteria for poor households has some limitations, 13.1% of the households surveyed believe that some poor households who really need help are missing from the work of establishing a document card; The phenomenon of poverty alleviation and poverty return in poor villages exists at the same time, lack of dynamic tracking and precise management of poverty alleviation population, poor funds can not meet local needs, scattered uses, many constraints, poor institutions at the grass-roots level are not sound; The construction of infrastructure and public services in poor areas is not perfect enough. In view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions: (1) to speed up the establishment and improvement of poverty identification and dynamic monitoring system, and to promote accurate poverty alleviation according to local conditions; (2) to strengthen the integration of funds, decentralize the authority of examination and approval, and to assign responsibility to counties; (3) strengthen the construction of the poverty alleviation team at the grass-roots level and introduce the full-time civil servants to help the poor; (4) pay attention to the poverty-stricken individuals and the coordinated development of the poverty-stricken regions; (5) give full play to the local advantages, highlight the industrial poverty alleviation and solve labor export; (6) pilot, explore the way of sustainable and accurate poverty alleviation in China.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学资源学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA021)
【分类号】：F323.8

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